Stirling Engine Modular Piston Segmentation for Low-Temperature Waste Heat

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing energy generating systems are limited in capturing surplus energy from temperature differences, particularly in low-temperature intervals such as waste heat in industrial processes or natural temperature differences, and are not adaptable to varying needs.

Innovation Solution

The system employs a modular design with interconnected pistons and heat exchangers that utilize fluid connections and valve control units to transform low-temperature energy into kinetic energy, allowing for simultaneous heating and cooling of fluid mediums, and features a preload mechanism to enhance energy transfer efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If known energy generating systems are used, then energy can be generated from temperature differences, but the ability to capture surplus energy from low-temperature intervals is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy capture capabilityVSAvoidtemperature range
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The system is divided into multiple independent piston systems (first main piston system, second main piston system, and further piston systems), each capable of operating in different temperature intervals. This segmentation allows the system to capture energy from multiple temperature ranges simultaneously, including low-temperature waste heat intervals that previous single-system designs could not effectively utilize.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each piston system is designed with universal functionality to operate with different fluid mediums (gas or liquid) and can handle various temperature ranges. The standardized modular design allows the same basic piston structure to function across different temperature intervals by simply changing the fluid medium, enabling comprehensive energy capture from diverse temperature sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Productivity

If multiple piston systems are interconnected, then energy transfer efficiency improves, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy transfer efficiencyVSAvoidsystem structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system connects multiple standardized piston systems through common fluid lines, allowing each piston to operate semi-independently while contributing to overall energy generation. This modular segmentation enables efficient energy transfer as each piston can be optimized for its specific temperature interval while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure through standardization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple piston systems are merged through shared fluid distribution lines and a common energy transfer mechanism. The fluid lines connect the variable spaces of different pistons, allowing synchronized operation and efficient energy transfer to the energy generating device, while the merging of control functions reduces overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Adaptability or versatility

If modular design is implemented, then adaptability to varying needs improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem adaptabilityVSAvoidmodular structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs clearly segmented modular piston units that can be independently configured and connected. Each module contains standardized components (cylinder, piston, variable spaces, fluid connections) that can be assembled in different combinations to match specific energy generation needs, providing high adaptability while keeping individual module complexity low.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system allows dynamic configuration where piston systems can be added, removed, or reconfigured based on energy generation requirements. The fluid connection system enables flexible operational modes where pistons can be activated or deactivated independently, providing adaptability to varying energy needs without requiring complete system redesign.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively captures and converts low-temperature energy into kinetic energy, improving energy efficiency and adaptability to different temperature ranges, including those below zero degrees Celsius, by synchronizing heating and cooling processes and utilizing asynchronous piston movements.

Implementation Method 1

a first heat exchanging system (11) in fluid connection with the first variable space (14a), wherein the first heat exchanging system (11) is adapted to alternately heat and cool the first fluid medium (140)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

a second heat exchanging system (21) in fluid connection with the third variable space (24a), wherein the second heat exchanging system (21) is adapted to alternately heat and cool the second fluid medium (240)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCooling: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

whereby the resulting pressure increase from heating and pressure reduction from cooling in the first variable space (14a) and the third variable space (24a) respectively, causes the first reciprocatable piston (15) and the second reciprocatable piston (25) to reciprocate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 4

the fluid medium, undergoes a phase transfer from a gaseous phase into a liquid phase during the compression movement and back into a gaseous phase during the expansion movement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP3426905B1Stirling engine type energy generating system
Publication Date: 2021.08.04 ZIGRID AB
  • EP3426905B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3426905B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3426905B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3d

AI summary

An energy generating system (1) comprising: a main piston system (V), comprising, a first cylinder (14) comprising a first reciprocatable piston (15), wherein the first piston (15) divides the first cylinder (14) into a first (14a) and second (14b) variable space, wherein the first space (14a) comprises a first fluid medium (140) a first energy transfer device (30a), a first heat exchanging system (11), a second cylinder (24) comprising a reciprocatable piston (25), wherein the second piston (25) divides the second cylinder (24) into a third (24a) and fourth (24b) variable space, wherein the third space (24a) comprises a second fluid medium (240), a second energy transfer device (30b), a second heat exchanging system (21) in fluid connection with the third space (24a), wherein the energy generating system (1) is adapted to synchronize heating of the first fluid medium (140) with cooling of the second fluid medium (240) whereby the first and second energy transfer devices (30a, 30b) transfer the kinetic energy from the reciprocating movement of the reciprocatable pistons (15,25) to an energy generating device (30). The second and fourth spaces are fluidly interconnected so that mechanical resistance is minimized.