Stool Eukaryotic RNA Biomarker Detection for Colorectal Cancer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for diagnosing gastrointestinal disorders, such as colorectal cancer, are invasive, time-consuming, and costly, and face challenges in detecting eukaryotic biomarkers due to high bacterial loads and biomarker degradation in stool samples.
Innovation Solution
Developing methods to isolate high-quality eukaryotic RNA from stool samples using specific biomarkers and analyzing their expression levels or variant frequencies to detect colorectal neoplasia and cancer subtypes noninvasively, employing techniques like gene expression profiling and machine learning models.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If standard diagnostic methods like colonoscopy are used, then diagnosis accuracy is improved, but patient comfort deteriorates and procedural complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and analyzes eukaryotic RNA biomarkers from stool samples, separating the diagnostic function from invasive procedures. By identifying specific eukaryotic RNA sequences that are enriched in stool from patients with gastrointestinal disorders, the method enables noninvasive detection while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses eukaryotic RNA biomarkers as intermediaries to indirectly detect gastrointestinal disorders. Instead of directly observing the disease through invasive means, the method detects disease-specific RNA molecules present in stool, serving as a noninvasive proxy for disease presence.
2Measurement precision
If standard diagnostic methods like colonoscopy are used, then diagnosis accuracy is improved, but time consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary detection of gastrointestinal disorders through stool sample analysis before committing to time-consuming invasive procedures. By screening for eukaryotic RNA biomarkers in stool first, the method identifies patients who likely need further diagnostic workup, reducing overall time expenditure on low-probability cases.
3Measurement precision
If standard diagnostic methods are used, then diagnosis accuracy is improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs a disposable stool sample collection and analysis approach that is significantly cheaper than invasive procedures. The method uses standard molecular biology techniques (RNA extraction, sequencing, or hybridization) on easily obtained stool samples, eliminating the need for expensive endoscopic equipment and facility usage.
4Ease of operation
If eukaryotic biomarkers are detected in stool samples, then noninvasive detection is achieved, but detection precision deteriorates due to high bacterial loads
Solution Approach 1:
The invention focuses on detecting specific eukaryotic RNA biomarkers with disease-specific sequences rather than attempting to analyze all RNA in the sample. By targeting particular RNA sequences that are characteristic of gastrointestinal disorders, the method achieves high detection precision despite the presence of abundant bacterial RNA.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the detection parameter from general RNA composition to specific eukaryotic RNA sequence presence. By using sequence-specific detection methods (such as targeted sequencing or hybridization with disease-specific probes), the method distinguishes eukaryotic biomarkers from bacterial background through sequence parameter differentiation.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are materials and methods for detecting colorectal neoplasms and colon cancer based on the expression levels of stool-derived eukaryotic RNA biomarkers in eukaryotic nucleic acid present in a stool sample from a subject, for example, a patient. The methods can be used for the detection of high-risk adenomas and colorectal neoplasm molecular subtypes.