Layer-2 Topology Mapping Using STP Data Correlation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Layer-2 topology mapping in networks is challenging due to outdated or incomplete switch tables and ambiguity in identifying switch-to-switch links, particularly in determining uplink ports, which complicates accurate network topology representation.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the collection and correlation of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) data, Layer-2 address tables, and ARP tables to identify directly connected switch ports, eliminate unnecessary connections, and create a precise network topology map by comparing base bridge addresses and designated bridge addresses across switches.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If switch tables are used for topology mapping, then the mapping process is simple, but the accuracy is reduced due to outdated or incomplete data

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of topology mappingVSAvoidtopology mapping accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple data sources (STP data, L2 address tables, ARP tables) to create a comprehensive topology mapping approach. By merging these different protocols and data types, the system overcomes the limitations of relying solely on switch tables, achieving both operational simplicity and high accuracy in topology discovery.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Ease of manufacture

If traditional L2 address tables are used alone, then the implementation is straightforward, but the ability to identify switch-to-switch links is ambiguous

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of implementationVSAvoidswitch link identification accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces STP data as an intermediary layer between the L2 address tables and the final topology mapping. STP provides additional context about switch-to-switch connections that L2 tables alone cannot determine, acting as a mediator that resolves ambiguities in link identification while maintaining implementation feasibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Measurement precision

If multiple data sources are correlated, then the topology mapping accuracy is improved, but the processing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetopology mapping accuracyVSAvoiddata processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary correlation and validation of multiple data sources during the topology discovery phase. By pre-processing and cross-referencing STP, L2, and ARP data before final mapping, the system reduces the complexity of subsequent processing steps while maintaining high accuracy in the resulting topology map.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2286554B1Using spanning tree protocol (STP) to enhance layer-2 network topology maps
Publication Date: 2015.08.26 SOLARWINDS WORLDWIDE LLC
  • EP2286554B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2286554B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2286554B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) data is obtained via network switch (SNMP) queries to enhance identification of switch-to-switch links in Layer-2 mapping. In particular, by analyzing the STP data, ambiguity in determining switch uplink ports may be reduced. Specifically, the STP data can be used in conjunction with other topography data to provide Layer-2 connectivity for nodes on a network topology. Layer-2 address mapping tables are collected from a topology mapping, and STP data is collected, along with address translation tables (ARP) tables. Using this information, switches are identified using Layer-2 address tables. The STP data can be correlated by comparing data in switches, identifying switch ports directly connected to other switch ports, and eliminating direct switch-to-switch port connections from consideration for further Layer-2 node mappings.