Uniaxially Strained Fin Transistor via SiGe Epitaxy

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Solution Overview

Problem

In the fabrication of non-planar transistors, such as tri-gate and FinFETs, existing technologies face challenges in achieving full depletion and enhancing channel mobility, which are crucial for improving transistor performance and speed.

Innovation Solution

The use of strain-inducing materials with lattice mismatch, such as silicon germanium or silicon carbide, is employed to form strained fins within the transistors, combined with techniques like epitaxial growth and ion doping to create regions of higher strain, thereby increasing channel mobility and transistor efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If non-planar transistor structures are used, then channel mobility is enhanced, but achieving full depletion becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel mobilityVSAvoidfull depletion
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by introducing uniaxial strain through selective epitaxial growth of SiGe materials with different germanium concentrations in source/drain regions versus the fin channel. This strain modification changes the physical parameters of the channel, enhancing carrier mobility while maintaining the fin structure's ability to achieve full depletion through its geometric configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements local quality by creating different material compositions in different regions: the fin channel maintains a composition optimized for depletion, while source/drain regions incorporate higher Ge content to induce uniaxial strain locally. This localized differentiation allows simultaneous optimization of both mobility (in source/drain) and depletion (in channel) without compromise.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Speed

If strain-inducing materials with lattice mismatch are used, then channel mobility increases, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel mobilityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-straining the epitaxial film during the growth process itself, rather than applying strain afterward. The SiGe layers are grown with controlled Ge concentrations that inherently create the desired uniaxial strain in the fin channel, eliminating the need for separate strain introduction steps and simplifying the overall manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical strain introduction methods (such as post-growth processing or external stress application) with a materials-based approach. By controlling the lattice mismatch through compositional design during epitaxial growth, the strain is introduced inherently through the material structure itself, reducing manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If uniaxial strain is introduced through material composition, then electrical resistance decreases, but control over strain distribution becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical resistanceVSAvoidstrain distribution control
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent precisely controls strain distribution by assigning different Ge concentrations to specific locations: source/drain regions receive higher Ge content to induce compression, while the fin channel maintains lower Ge content for optimal depletion. This localized compositional control ensures strain is distributed exactly where needed, simultaneously reducing resistance in current paths and maintaining precision in the channel region.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The strain distribution is predetermined and built-in during the epitaxial growth process itself. By planning the Ge concentration profile in advance and executing it through controlled growth sequences, the patent achieves precise strain distribution without requiring complex post-processing adjustments or feedback control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for full depletion of the fin and enhanced channel mobility, leading to reduced electrical resistance, increased current, and improved speed in microelectronic devices.

Implementation Method 1

the first material and the second material presenting a lattice mismatch between respective crystalline structures thereof

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLattice mismatch:

Implementation Method 2

The use of strain-inducing materials with lattice mismatch, such as silicon germanium or silicon carbide, is employed to form strained fins within the transistors, combined with techniques like epitaxial growth

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEpitaxy: Epitaxy

Implementation Method 3

combined with techniques like epitaxial growth and ion doping to create regions of higher strain, thereby increasing channel mobility and transistor efficiency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon doping: Ion Implantation

Data Source

PatentEP4040503A1Non-planar device having uniaxially strained fin and method of making same
Publication Date: 2022.08.10 INTEL CORP
  • EP4040503A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4040503A1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2c
  • EP4040503A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method and a device made according to the method. The method comprises providing a substrate base portion (102) and a substrate fin (107) extending from the substrate base portion, the fin comprising silicon and germanium; a gate structure (132) covers the fin and epitaxial source and drains (140, 142) comprising germanium are epitaxially grown in recesses formed on both sides of the gate.