Saline-Sodic Paddy Straw Returning Through Thawing and Wet Puddling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional straw returning methods for saline-sodic paddy fields in the western Songnen plain face challenges due to poor soil structure and permeability, deep mud layers, and slow straw decomposition, leading to inhibited rice growth and yield loss.
Innovation Solution
A method involving harvesting with high stubble left, shallow ploughing, and wet puddling with controlled irrigation and drying to achieve a 11-13 cm cultivation layer depth, promoting straw decomposition and soil structure formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional spring puddling straw returning technology is adopted, then straw can be returned to the field, but the cultivation layer becomes too fine with poor water permeability and air permeability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the timing parameter of the operation from spring (after complete thawing) to late winter (when soil is partially frozen), and changes the moisture parameter by applying water during the operation. These parameter changes transform the soil state from completely thawed and dispersed to partially frozen with better structural support, resolving the contradiction between straw returning and maintaining soil structure quality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs the straw returning operation in advance during late winter before spring puddling, when the soil is still partially frozen. This preliminary action allows straw to be incorporated into the soil structure before the spring warming and complete thawing occurs, preventing the straw from being lost in the subsequent spring puddling operations and maintaining better soil structure
2Ease of operation
If conventional spring puddling is performed when the 15 cm cultivation layer is completely thawed, then puddling operation can be carried out, but the lower soil cannot support the wheels causing deep ruts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter of the soil by performing the operation when the soil is partially frozen rather than completely thawed. The frozen lower soil layer provides sufficient mechanical support for the puddling machine wheels, preventing deep ruts while still allowing the puddling operation to be effectively performed on the thawed upper layer
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs the straw returning and initial puddling operation in advance during late winter when the soil conditions are favorable (partially frozen), preparing the field before the spring transplanting operations. This preliminary preparation ensures that when spring arrives and the soil becomes too soft, the critical structural work has already been completed without causing deep ruts
3Productivity
If water is supplied late in conventional spring puddling, then straw decomposition can be accelerated, but the decomposition time before transplanting is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies water to the field in advance during the late winter straw returning operation, initiating the straw decomposition process before spring arrives. This preliminary water application ensures that straw decomposition begins early and continues through the spring warming period, providing sufficient decomposition time before transplanting without needing to wait until after spring puddling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the timing parameter of water application from spring (after puddling) to late winter (at straw returning). This early water application, combined with the subsequent spring warming, creates optimal moisture and temperature conditions for accelerated straw decomposition throughout the pre-transplanting period, resolving the time constraint
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances soil permeability and straw decomposition, improves rice transplanting quality, and increases yield by stabilizing seedling growth and reducing biogas generation.
Implementation Method 1
the heat transfer between water and soil accelerates the thawing of the soil layer below the cultivation layer
Implementation Method 2
The straw returned to the field strongly generates biogas
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a straw returning method through thawing and wet puddling for saline-sodic paddy fields and an application thereof, relating to the technical field of returning straws to fields in saline-sodic paddy fields. According to the disclosure, regional characteristics are fully considered, “thawing” is taken as the core and combined with wet puddling.