Piezoresistive Stress Sensor Shielding for Leakage-Free Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing semiconductor stress sensors face challenges with leakage currents due to modulation caused by external electrical fields, leading to reduced sensitivity and potential breakdown, particularly when using metallic shields or shallow diffusion methods.

Innovation Solution

A piezo-resistor based sensor design featuring a conductive shield and guard ring structure, where the conductive shield covers the piezo-diffusion region between contacts, and the guard ring bridges any gaps between the shield and interconnect structures, preventing inversion and leakage currents while maintaining sensitivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If a metallic shield layer is placed over the piezo-resistor to prevent modulation, then protection against external electrical fields is improved, but the piezo-resistor moves further from the surface causing significant loss of sensitivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodulation by external electrical fieldsVSAvoidsensitivity of piezo-resistor
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

A shallow diffusion shield of opposite conductivity type is introduced as an intermediary layer between the piezo-resistor and the external electrical fields. This shield prevents direct interaction between external fields and the piezo-resistor while maintaining close proximity to the sensing element, thus protecting against modulation without sacrificing sensitivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If a shallow diffusion shield is used to prevent modulation, then protection against external electrical fields is improved, but the doping must be limited to avoid inversion causing breakdown between piezo-resistor and shield

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodulation by external electrical fieldsVSAvoidbreakdown resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The doping concentration and depth of the shield diffusion are precisely controlled within specific parameter ranges. By optimizing these parameters, the shield provides sufficient protection against external fields while preventing inversion that would lead to breakdown, thus maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If highly doped sections are placed between piezo-resistor and interconnect to avoid stress modulation, then protection against stress modulation is improved, but leakage paths still exist between shield and highly doped p-diffusions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestress modulation by interconnectVSAvoidleakage currents
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The leakage path between the shield and highly doped p-diffusions is eliminated by extending the shield diffusion to completely cover and overlap these regions. This extraction of the leakage path prevents charge accumulation and eliminates the source of leakage currents.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If the entire piezo-resistor is covered with metal including contacts to interconnect, then protection against modulation and leakage is improved, but extra processing effort is required for a second metallic shield layer

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodulation and leakage preventionVSAvoidprocessing effort
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The shallow diffusion shield serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a protective shield against external electrical fields, prevents stress modulation from interconnects, and eliminates leakage paths. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for additional metallic shield layers, reducing processing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively prevents leakage currents and modulation, enhancing the sensitivity and reliability of semiconductor stress sensors by isolating the piezo-diffusion regions and maintaining stable voltage connections, thus reducing the risk of breakdown.

Implementation Method 1

piezo-resistor based sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoresistive effect: Piezoresistive Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3832279B1Semiconductor stress sensor
Publication Date: 2023.11.29 MELEXIS TECH NV
  • EP3832279B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2B
  • EP3832279B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3832279B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5B

AI summary

A piezo-resistor sensor (100) comprising: a diffusion (104) of a first conductivity type in a well (118) of an opposite second type, contacts (114) with islands (110) in the diffusion, interconnects (112) with the contacts, a shield (108) covers the diffusion between the contacts and extends over side walls of the diffusion between the contacts, each interconnect covers the diffusion at the corresponding contact and extends over edges of the diffusion, each island is at a side covered by its interconnect, a guard ring (102) of the second type around the diffusion, the shield covers the well between the diffusion and the ring, and the edge of the ring facing the diffusion, if a gap between the shield and the interconnect is present, the ring bridges this gap, and/or the edges of the diffusion are completely covered by the combination of the shield and the interconnects.