Stripline Resonator Sensor for Spatial Spin Resonance Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing banknote authentication systems face challenges in spatially resolved spin resonance detection due to the need for multiple independent microwave circuits, which require significant installation space and are prone to crosstalk and manufacturing tolerance issues, leading to signal distortion.
Innovation Solution
A sensor element with a magnetic core, polarization device, and resonator device, featuring multiple modulation coils generating distinct modulation frequencies and stripline resonators aligned to detect spin resonance signals efficiently, allowing for spatial and spectral resolution without crosstalk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple independent microwave circuits are used for spatially resolved spin resonance detection, then spatial resolution is improved, but installation space increases and crosstalk occurs leading to signal distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple microwave circuits into a single shared microwave circuit that serves all resonators. The sensor element includes one or more stripline resonators coupled to a common microwave circuit with a single signal source, eliminating the need for separate microwave circuits for each resonator. This merging approach reduces installation space while maintaining spatial resolution through the use of multiple resonators with different spatial sensitivities.
2Measurement precision
If multiple independent microwave circuits are used for spatially resolved spin resonance detection, then spatial resolution is improved, but crosstalk between circuits occurs leading to signal distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple resonators into a single sensor element that couples to one microwave circuit, eliminating crosstalk between independent microwave circuits. The shared microwave circuit architecture ensures that all resonators are excited and read out through the same signal path, preventing the signal distortion that would result from crosstalk between separate circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the sensing function into multiple stripline resonators with different spatial sensitivities, each contributing to spatial resolution. These segmented resonators are coupled to a unified microwave circuit, allowing spatial resolution to be achieved through the diversity of resonator responses rather than through multiple independent microwave circuits.
3Ease of manufacture
If manufacturing tolerances are relaxed in microwave circuits, then ease of manufacture is improved, but functionality of identical circuits differs considerably
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple resonator functions into a single sensor element with a unified microwave circuit architecture. This consolidation means that manufacturing tolerances affect the entire system uniformly rather than causing divergent behavior in multiple separate circuits. The single microwave circuit design ensures that all resonators are affected by the same manufacturing variations, maintaining functional consistency across the sensor array.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables high-speed, reliable detection of spin resonance features with improved spatial resolution and reduced installation space requirements, minimizing crosstalk and signal distortion.
Implementation Method 1
a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap
Implementation Method 2
a resonator device for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap
Implementation Method 3
Spin resonance signatures suitable for authentication include, in particular, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron spin resonance (ESR), and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) effects
Implementation Method 4
The modulation device comprises a plurality of modulation coils designed and configured to generate different modulation frequencies
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The invention relates to a sensor element (30) for testing a planar data carrier (10), in particular a banknote, that has a spin resonance feature (12). The sensor element comprises: a magnetic core having an air gap into which the planar data carrier (10) can be inserted for testing purposes; a polarisation device (34) for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap; a resonator device (32) for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be tested in the air gap, the resonator device comprising at least one stripline resonator (32-1, 32-2) fed by a signal source (22); and a modulation device (36) for generating a time-varying magnetic modulation field in the air gap parallel to the static magnetic field. The modulation device (36) comprises a plurality of modulation coils (36-1, 36-2) which are designed and configured to generate different modulation frequencies so that the modulated magnetic field generated by the modulation device (36) together with the polarisation device (34) has different modulation frequencies at different locations within the air gap.