Structured Electromagnetic Wave Generation for OAM Change Detection

The patent segments the electromagnetic wave information into two distinct parts: the carrier wave for data transmission (OAM modes) and the structural information for object interaction detection. By separating these functions, the system can maintain high transmission rates using OAM multiplexing while simultaneously capturing structural changes through dedicated detection of scattering characteristics, thus resolving the contradiction between communication efficiency and information preservation.

The patent converts the previously harmful diffraction and scattering effects into beneficial information sources. By implementing a detection mechanism that specifically analyzes the scattering characteristics of received electromagnetic waves, the system transforms what was considered noise into valuable data about object properties, shapes, and positions, thus converting harm into benefit while maintaining communication reliability.

The patent merges the Spin Angular Momentum (SAM) with two orthogonal bases with Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) having infinite orthogonal bases. This combination creates a hybrid system where SAM provides polarization analysis capability while OAM contributes infinite detectable states through different OAM orders, thus merging two angular momentum types to simultaneously achieve precise polarization analysis and high versatility in detecting multiple states.

The patent applies preliminary action by performing precoding processing on transmission data sets before OAM multiplex transmission. This pre-processing step organizes and structures the data in advance, facilitating more efficient signal separation and processing at the receiver side. By preparing the signals beforehand with appropriate precoding, the system reduces the computational burden during real-time processing despite using infinite OAM bases, thus managing complexity while maintaining high versatility.