Studded Tire Rubber Composition for Stud Pin Retention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Studded tires face challenges with stud pin retention, leading to decreased performance on snow, ice, wet, and dry surfaces, as existing solutions do not adequately address the issue of stud pin drop-off.
Innovation Solution
A rubber composition for studded tires is developed, incorporating specific carbon black and silica with a glass transition temperature of -50°C or lower, along with aromatic modified terpene resin and liquid polymer, to enhance stud pin retention and improve performance on snow, ice, and wet surfaces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional rubber compositions are used in studded tires, then manufacturing cost and ease of manufacture are maintained, but stud pin retention capability is insufficient leading to pin drop-off
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the glass transition temperature of the rubber component to be -50°C or lower, and setting the ratio of tensile stress at 300% elongation to rubber hardness at -20°C within a specific range (9.0-10.5). These parameter optimizations enhance stud pin retention while maintaining manufacturability through defined compositional specifications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining specific rubber components with carbon black and silica fillers in optimized proportions. The composite rubber composition integrates multiple materials with complementary properties to achieve both high stud pin retention and practical manufacturability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The rubber composition significantly enhances stud pin retention and improves tire performance on snow, ice, and wet surfaces beyond conventional levels, maintaining dry braking ability and reducing pin drop resistance.
Implementation Method 1
the rubber component having an average glass transition temperature of -50°C or lower
Implementation Method 2
the specific carbon black and silica. 70 mass% or greater of the silica is compounded
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
A studded tire with enhanced stud pin retention capability is enhanced and performance on snow and ice improved beyond levels in the related art. A studded tire including stud pins embedded in a road contact surface of a tread portion, the tread portion being formed of a cap tread and an undertread, wherein a rubber hardness of the cap tread at 20°C is Hc, a rubber hardness of the undertread is Hu, a tensile stress (MPa) of the cap tread at 300% elongation at 23°C is Sc, and a tensile stress (MPa) of the undertread at 300% elongation at 23°C is Su; and Relationships (1) to (4) are satisfied: Hc≤60 Hu−Hc≥8 Sc≥5.5 and Su/Sc≥2.0