Styrene Purification via Static and Dynamic Crystallization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for purifying styrene from naphtha cracked pyrolysis gasoline are energy intensive and inefficient in removing impurities like color inducing species, sulfur species, and alpha-methylstyrene, which affect polymer properties and require complex equipment to prevent unwanted polymerization.

Innovation Solution

A method involving crystallization stages, including static and dynamic crystallization, effectively removes impurities with higher melting points than styrene, such as color inducing species, oxygenates, and sulfur species, from styrene compositions, achieving high purity without the need for additional complex treatment steps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If extractive distillation is used to remove close boiling molecules, then energy consumption is reduced, but impurities such as chromophores, sulfur, and oxygenates remain in the styrene

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidpurity of styrene
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The purification process is divided into two distinct stages: first extractive distillation to remove close-boiling molecules (ethylbenzene, xylene), then crystallization to remove impurities with higher melting points (chromophores, sulfur compounds, oxygenates). This segmentation allows each stage to target specific impurity types, achieving comprehensive purification without excessive energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The method changes the purification approach by utilizing melting point differences rather than solely relying on boiling point differences. By cooling the styrene to temperatures below its melting point (30.6°C), impurities with higher melting points are left in the liquid phase while pure styrene crystallizes, enabling removal of sulfur and oxygenate impurities that distillation cannot effectively remove.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If chemical treatment or adsorbent treatment is used to remove impurities, then styrene purity is improved, but unwanted polymerization occurs and equipment complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepurity of styreneVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The crystallization process is a self-service purification method that relies on the natural phase change behavior of styrene and its impurities. By controlling temperature to enable crystallization, the system automatically separates pure styrene crystals from impurity-rich mother liquor without requiring external chemical agents or complex equipment, thus avoiding polymerization issues and reducing operational complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Manufacturing precision

If normal distillation is used to remove close boiling molecules, then separation is achieved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveseparation of close boiling moleculesVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

An extractive solvent acts as an intermediary substance that selectively interacts with close-boiling molecules (ethylbenzene, xylene) based on their different solubility characteristics. This allows separation from the styrene phase without requiring the high energy input of normal distillation, as the solvent mediates the separation process through selective extraction rather than thermal energy input.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method allows for the cost-efficient production of high-purity styrene by completely or substantially removing impurities, reducing energy consumption and equipment complexity, and preventing polymer formation, thereby improving polymer properties and process efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

subjecting the crude composition to at least one crystallization step, wherein the at least one crystallization step comprises at least one of a static crystallization stage and a dynamic crystallization stage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrystallization: Crystallisation

Data Source

PatentEP4103535B1A process and apparatus for preparing a purified styrene composition from styrene containing feedstock
Publication Date: 2025.01.15 SULZER MANAGEMENT AG
  • EP4103535B1 patent drawingFigure 1a
  • EP4103535B1 patent drawingFigure 1b
  • EP4103535B1 patent drawingFigure 1c

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a purified styrene composition, wherein the method comprises providing a crude composition containing 70% by weight or more styrene based on the total weight of the crude composition and subjecting the crude composition to at least one crystallization step, wherein the at least one crystallization step comprises at least one of a static crystallization stage and a dynamic crystallization stage, and wherein the crude composition contains one or more impurities selected from the group consisting color inducing species, oxygenates, sulfur species, alpha-methylstyrene and arbitrary combinations of two or more thereof.