Sub-Band Audio Error Concealment Without Discarding Valid Coefficients

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing error concealment techniques in DAB receivers, such as muting, repetition, and left-right substitution, result in the unnecessary discarding of valid data and require additional memory to store frames for error masking, leading to waste and inefficiency in handling bit errors in sub-band coded digital audio signals.

Innovation Solution

A method that analyzes individual sub-band coefficients to selectively suppress errors, using time-domain filtering and weighted combination of original and modified coefficients to minimize subjective audio quality impairment, employing a cross-fader with variable gain elements and filters to detect and mitigate bit errors without discarding valid data.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If frame-level error concealment techniques (muting, repetition, substitution) are used, then error masking is achieved, but valid data is unnecessarily discarded and additional memory is required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveerror masking capabilityVSAvoidvalid data waste
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the audio frame into individual sub-band coefficients and processes them independently. Instead of discarding the entire frame when an error is detected, only the specific corrupted coefficients are identified and concealed, while valid coefficients are preserved and used in the output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies error concealment selectively to individual coefficients based on their local error characteristics. The error detection and concealment processes are applied locally to each coefficient rather than globally to the entire frame, allowing valid data to be preserved while correcting only the erroneous portions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If frame-level error concealment techniques (muting, repetition, substitution) are used, then error masking is achieved, but additional memory is required to store frames

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveerror masking capabilityVSAvoidmemory requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the necessary information (error indicators) from the received coefficients and generates concealed values on-the-fly using filtering and combination operations. This eliminates the need to store entire frames in memory, as only minimal processing buffers are required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the received coefficients themselves as the source for generating error-concealed values through filtering and combination operations, rather than relying on stored backup frames. The coefficients serve their own error concealment needs through self-processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Loss of substance

If individual sub-band coefficients are analyzed locally, then valid data waste is reduced, but computational complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalid data wasteVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses simple, computationally inexpensive operations such as high-pass filtering, absolute value calculation, and threshold comparison for error detection. These lightweight operations enable local coefficient analysis without requiring complex computational resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transforms coefficients through simple parameter changes (high-pass filtering to detect discontinuities, absolute value calculation for error indication) rather than requiring complex analysis. These parameter transformations are computationally efficient while effectively identifying errors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If bit errors are detected and concealed, then audio quality is improved, but discontinuities and click artefacts may be introduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaudio qualityVSAvoidclick artefacts
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts the combination of original and filtered coefficients based on detected error conditions. The cross-fading mechanism continuously adapts the weighting between original and concealed values to smooth transitions and avoid abrupt discontinuities that cause click artefacts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a high-pass filtered version of the coefficients as an intermediary element. This intermediary signal serves as a bridge between the original coefficients and the concealed values, enabling smooth cross-fading that prevents abrupt transitions and click artefacts in the output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP2458585B1Error concealment for sub-band coded audio signals
Publication Date: 2013.07.17 NXP BV
  • EP2458585B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2458585B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2458585B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A decoder and method of decoding a sub-band coded digital audio signal. The decoder comprises: an input, for receiving sub-band coefficients for a plurality of sub-bands of the audio signal; an error detection unit (20), adapted to analyze the content of a sequence of coefficients in one of the sub-bands, to derive for each coefficient an indication of whether the coefficient has been corrupted by an error of a predefined type; an error masking unit (30), adapted to generate from the sequence a modified sequence of coefficients for the sub-band, wherein errors of the predefined type are attenuated; a coefficient combination unit (40), adapted to combine the received coefficients and the modified coefficients, in dependence upon the indication of error; and a signal reconstruction unit (50), adapted to reconstruct the audio signal using the combined coefficients.