Subcritical CO2 Devolatilization of Sponge Blocks

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for removing volatile organic compounds from sponges, such as steam-stripping and post-polymerization, are inefficient, costly, and can deform the sponge material, while existing devolatilization methods fail to meet stringent EU and national standards for residual VOC content.

Innovation Solution

The use of subcritical carbon dioxide as a solvent to extract VOCs from sponges under controlled subcritical conditions, enhancing solubility and diffusivity, and allowing for efficient removal of VOCs without deforming the sponge material.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If steam-stripping method is used to remove volatile organic compounds from sponges, then the removal efficiency of VOCs is improved, but the energy consumption increases and the sponge material may deform

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveVOCs removal efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical parameters of the extraction medium by using supercritical carbon dioxide instead of steam. By controlling temperature and pressure to achieve supercritical state, the medium gains enhanced solubility and diffusivity properties, allowing effective VOCs removal at lower energy consumption without causing material deformation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes the phase transition properties of carbon dioxide between supercritical and gaseous states. By adjusting pressure and temperature, CO2 transitions to supercritical phase for extraction, then returns to gaseous phase for easy separation, eliminating the need for high energy input required by steam-stripping methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

2Manufacturing precision

If post-polymerization method is used to remove volatile organic compounds, then the residual monomer content is reduced, but the process complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresidual monomer contentVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent directly extracts volatile organic compounds from the sponge matrix using supercritical carbon dioxide, removing the need for additional polymerization steps. This extraction approach simplifies the overall process while achieving low residual monomer content, contrasting with the multi-step post-polymerization method

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If steam-stripping method is used for devolatilization, then volatile organic compounds are removed, but the equipment investment and operational cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevolatile organic compounds removalVSAvoidequipment investment
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs carbon dioxide, an inexpensive and readily available gas, as the extraction medium. The CO2 is used in supercritical state for extraction then easily separated and can be recycled or vented, eliminating the need for expensive specialized equipment and high operational costs associated with steam-stripping systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Achieves a removal rate of up to 99% of VOCs, meeting stringent standards with low energy consumption and no residual solvent, making it environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

Implementation Method 1

The use of subcritical carbon dioxide as a solvent to extract VOCs from sponges under controlled subcritical conditions, enhancing solubility and diffusivity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSubcritical fluid extraction: Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Implementation Method 2

enhancing solubility and diffusivity, and allowing for efficient removal of VOCs

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP3878899B1Method for using super/subcritical fluid to remove volatile compounds from foam
Publication Date: 2023.05.31 ZHEJIANG UNIV
  • EP3878899B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

Disclosed is a method of removing volatile organic compounds from sponges by using supercritical/subcritical fluid. The method includes the following steps: placing the sponge block to be treated in the extraction kettle; feeding the critical flow medium into the extraction kettle; performing extraction under the supercritical or subcritical conditions of the critical flow medium; releasing pressure to normal pressure after extraction; and separating to obtain devolatilized sponge. The volatile removal device used in the disclosure is a supercritical extraction equipment, which can adopt static extraction or dynamic extraction or a combination of the two. CO2releases pressure in the separating kettle after contacting the sponge to be treated in the device for mass transfer for a certain period, when the static extraction devolatilization is carried out.