Submachine Gun Hammer Mechanism for Recoil Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing submachine guns face issues with ergonomics, recoil management, weight, bulkiness, safety, and precision due to limitations in barrel bounce containment and recoil perception, leading to inconvenient and imprecise operation.
Innovation Solution
An automatic submachine gun design featuring a hammer with a rotation pin above the barrel axis, a trigger assembly with opposing levers for preventing premature discharge, and a selector for single shot or burst fire modes, along with ergonomic features like an asymmetrical magazine and a curved butt guide, which amplifies the hammer's movement to enhance recoil management and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional hammer mechanisms are used, then the structure is simple, but premature discharge occurs and safety is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The hammer mechanism is divided into two opposing levers: a first lever associated with single-shot firing mode and a second lever associated with burst firing mode. This segmentation allows independent control and prevention of premature discharge while maintaining structural organization.
Solution Approach 2:
A cam means acts as an intermediary element that selectively blocks or disengages the opposing levers based on the selected firing mode. The cam means mediates between the selector and the hammer levers, enabling safe mode transitions without direct complex linkages.
2Ease of operation
If traditional recoil management systems are used, then the design is conventional, but barrel bounce and perceived recoil are excessive
Solution Approach 1:
The hammer's center of mass is positioned below its rotation pin, creating a counterbalancing effect during recoil. This counterweight arrangement helps contain barrel bounce and reduces perceived recoil, improving ergonomics without requiring additional recoil mitigation systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The hammer's rotation pin is positioned above the axis of the barrel, and the center of mass is positioned below the point of impact with the bolt. This spatial arrangement in multiple dimensions amplifies the hammer's movement and creates a stabilizing moment that counteracts barrel bounce.
3Measurement precision
If standard trigger assemblies are used, then the design is conventional, but precision and control are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The trigger assembly controls two separate opposing levers independently through a sear lever mechanism. This segmentation allows precise control over single-shot and burst-fire modes, preventing premature discharge while maintaining operational precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The sear lever rotates dynamically during the firing cycle, engaging and disengaging from the opposing levers based on trigger pull and bolt position. This dynamic mechanism provides precise control timing without requiring complex electronic or mechanical linkages.
4Force
If the hammer center of mass is positioned conventionally, then the structure is balanced, but the movement is not amplified enough for effective recoil management
Solution Approach 1:
The hammer's center of mass is deliberately positioned below the rotation pin and below the point of impact with the bolt, creating a counterbalancing weight distribution. This arrangement amplifies the hammer's rotational movement during recoil, enhancing force generation for bolt operation and recoil management.
Solution Approach 2:
The hammer's center of mass is positioned in a vertical dimension below the rotation pin, while the rotation pin itself is positioned above the barrel axis. This multi-dimensional spatial arrangement creates a longer moment arm, amplifying the hammer's movement and the resulting forces without adding mechanical complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design results in an ergonomic, safe, and precise automatic submachine gun that can be used as both a pistol and a carbine, offering improved recoil containment and operational convenience with ambidextrous controls and adjustable burst fire rates.
Implementation Method 1
the length of the movement of the centre of mass of the hammer is amplified compared to the length of the movement of the bolt
Implementation Method 2
the trigger assembly for the hammer comprises an opposing lever of the hammer for preventing a premature discharge actuatable by the bolt on attaining its locked position
Implementation Method 3
the cam means blocks at least one of the opposing levers of the hammer for single shot fire and for burst fire, a second angular position in which the cam means does not interfere with the opposing levers of the hammer
Implementation Method 4
a hammer 22 swinging in opposition and through the action of a spring actuator element 23 between a cocked position and an uncocked position
Implementation Method 5
a friction element 430 configured and disposed to interact with the hammer 22 and dissipate a kinetic energy of the hammer 22
Implementation Method 6
an inertia element 420 configured and disposed to increase an inertial mass of the hammer 22
Data Source
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AI summary
An automatic submachine gun for exploiting recoil, comprises: a stock (2); a fixed barrel (4); a grip (3) provided with an extractable butt (20); a bolt (6) sliding in direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel (4) inside the stock (2) for locking the breech of the barrel (4); a device for recovering the recoil kinetic energy of the bolt (6); a hammer (22) swinging in opposition and through the action of a spring actuator element (23) between a cocked position and an uncocked position; a trigger assembly for the hammer (22) comprising in turn a swinging trigger (21) pivoted on the stock (2) and operatively connected to a sear lever (26), an opposing lever (28) of the hammer (22) for single shot fire actuatable by the sear lever (26), and an opposing lever (29) of the hammer (22) for continuous burst fire actuatable by the sear lever (26); a manual fire mode selector (34) connected to a rotating shaft (35) having a cam means (36) interacting with said opposing lever of the hammer for single shot fire (28) and with said opposing lever of the hammer for burst fire (29); an extractable magazine (8) for loading cartridge ammunition in a cartridge chamber of the barrel (4); a firing pin (37) for the ammunition actuatable by the hammer (22) and sliding in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel (4) in a seat provided in the bolt (6); the hammer (22) being configured and disposed so as to interact with the bolt in such a way as to absorb a significant fraction of the recoil kinetic energy of the bolt (6) for the attainment of the cocked position.