Submerged Entry Nozzle Inducing Rotational Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing refractory pour tubes for continuous metal casting fail to consistently induce rotational flow in molten metal, leading to turbulence, dendrite growth, and steel grade mixing, often requiring additional electromechanical devices.

Innovation Solution

A refractory pour tube design featuring an enlarged port distributor with exit ports arranged at specific angles and dimensions to produce rotational flow, eliminating the need for external stirring devices, and optimizing fluid flow to reduce turbulence and enhance thermal homogeneity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If electromagnetic stirring devices are placed below the entry nozzle to induce rotational flow, then rotational flow is achieved, but the device has limited life in the hostile environment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational flow inductionVSAvoiddevice life
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces electromagnetic stirring devices with a refractory pour tube featuring a specifically designed port distributor geometry. The port distributor has a radius greater than the bore radius, creating a geometric configuration that naturally induces rotational flow through fluid dynamics principles rather than mechanical or electromagnetic forces, thereby eliminating the reliability and lifespan issues of electromagnetic devices in hostile environments

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the pour tube, specifically making the port distributor radius greater than the bore radius. This parameter change fundamentally alters the flow characteristics, enabling rotational flow induction without requiring additional electromagnetic or mechanical devices, thus improving reliability while maintaining device longevity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If entry nozzles are designed with curved exit ports tangent to the bore to induce rotation, then some rotational flow is achieved, but the design is not successful in inducing rotational flow in all mold configurations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational flow inductionVSAvoidmold configuration compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the critical geometric parameter by making the port distributor radius greater than the bore radius, which fundamentally alters the flow dynamics. This parameter change enables the system to induce rotational flow across various mold configurations, significantly improving adaptability compared to fixed curved exit port designs that only work with specific mold geometries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Stability of the object's composition

If additional electromechanical stirring devices are used to produce rotational flow, then thermal homogeneity and optimal mold powder melting are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal homogeneityVSAvoidstirring device complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes complex electromechanical stirring devices with a simple refractory pour tube featuring a geometrically optimized port distributor. The rotational flow and resulting thermal homogeneity are achieved through the passive geometric configuration (port distributor radius greater than bore radius) rather than active electromechanical components, thereby maintaining composition stability while eliminating device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The pour tube design enables the molten metal stream to self-induce rotational flow through its interaction with the port distributor geometry. The system uses the kinetic energy and flow characteristics of the molten metal itself to create the desired rotational motion and thermal homogeneity, eliminating the need for external energy input or complex stirring mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design achieves improved inclusion flotation, reduced dendrite growth, minimized steel grade mixing, and enhanced thermal homogeneity, resulting in a higher quality cast product without the limitations of prior art technologies.

Implementation Method 1

a stream of molten metal is turned in one or more directions upon discharge from the tube... induce rotational flow within the mold... Rotation of the flow increases the residence time inside the mold liquid pool

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVortex flow: Vortex Ring

Implementation Method 2

Rotation of the flow increases the residence time inside the mold liquid pool to enhance the flotation of inclusions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBuoyancy: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Data Source

PatentEP2588262B1Submerged entry nozzle
Publication Date: 2019.12.25 VESUVIUS USA CORP
  • EP2588262B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2588262B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2588262B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A pour tube for casting molten metal is adapted to reduce turbulence and mold disturbances, thereby producing a more stable, uniform outflow. The pour tube includes a bore having a body in communication with an enlarged outlet portion. Exit ports in communication with the outlet portion have an offset design in which at least one wall of the exit port is tangent to a circle having a larger radius than the body of the bore.