Partially Submerged Riblets for Boundary-Layer Drag Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing surfaces with smooth or protruding riblet patterns experience significant drag forces when moving through fluids, leading to increased energy consumption and reduced performance in vehicles and other objects.

Innovation Solution

The use of partially submerged periodic riblets, which are grooves or channels partially depressed below a smooth surface, alternated with smooth regions to reduce drag by minimizing the wetted area and pressure drag penalties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Force

If riblets extend far below the surface, then viscous drag reduction improves, but manufacturing complexity and structural integrity worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveviscous drag reductionVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of extending riblets deeply below the surface, this invention uses partial action by positioning riblets at an optimal depth within the boundary layer. This provides sufficient viscous drag reduction while avoiding the manufacturing complexity and structural issues associated with deep recesses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively reduces overall drag, including pressure and viscous drag, allowing for increased range, reduced fuel costs, and improved performance in vehicles by delaying flow separation and maintaining a constant cross-sectional area.

Implementation Method 1

The use of partially submerged periodic riblets may delay or prevent the separation of the flow in a turbulent boundary layer from the surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBoundary layer: Boundary Layer

Implementation Method 2

The use of partially submerged periodic riblets may delay or prevent the separation of the flow in a turbulent boundary layer from the surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow separation: Flow Separation

Data Source

PatentEP3782905B1Partiallly submerged periodic riblets
Publication Date: 2025.06.11 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP
  • EP3782905B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3782905B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3782905B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B

AI summary

In one embodiment, a method for reducing drag includes forming a smooth surface (130) on a first portion (120) of a physical object (100). The method also includes forming periodic riblets (110) on a second portion (130) of the physical object (100). The method further includes generating a flow over the periodic riblets (110) of the second portion (130) of the physical object (100) and over the smooth surface (130) of the first portion (120) of the physical object (100). The second portion (130) of the physical object (100) is adjacent to the first portion (120) of the physical object (100). Each peak of each riblet (110) of the periodic riblets (110) of the second portion (130) of the physical object (100) is located above a plane of the smooth surface (130) of the first portion (120) of the physical object (100). Each valley between adjacent riblets of the periodic riblets (110) of the second portion (130) of the physical object (100) is located below the plane of the smooth surface (130) of the first portion (120) of the physical object (100). A length of each riblet (110) of the periodic riblets (110) runs parallel to a direction of the flow.