Sub-sea Cable Termination Using Non-linear Resistive Layers

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Solution Overview

Problem

High voltage power transmission in deep sea environments poses challenges due to harsh conditions and the incompatibility of existing AC connectors for DC power transmission, leading to connector failure and increased maintenance costs.

Innovation Solution

An electrical connector system with non-linear resistive layers and deflectors is used to control DC and AC electric fields in cable termination chambers, minimizing stress on components and preventing water ingress, while employing Faraday cages and stress grading layers to optimize electric field distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If AC connectors are used for DC power transmission, then existing connector infrastructure can be utilized, but the connectors may fail due to special field distribution properties under DC

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnector compatibilityVSAvoidconnector reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the electrical parameters of the connector by introducing non-linear resistive layers and deflectors that change their electrical characteristics based on the applied voltage, enabling the same connector structure to safely handle both AC and DC field distributions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The non-linear resistive layer acts as an intermediary element between the conductor and insulation, controlling the electric field distribution in a way that is compatible with both AC and DC operating conditions, thereby preventing connector failure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Length of moving object

If high voltage power cables are used for long distance power transmission in deep sea, then power can be supplied to remote electrical components, but the capacitive load of the cables increases and transmission efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecable lengthVSAvoidpower transmission loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from AC to DC power transmission, fundamentally changing the electrical parameter of the power supply system. DC transmission eliminates the capacitive charging current problem that plagues long AC cable transmissions, thereby reducing energy loss and enabling efficient power transmission over extended distances

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If sub-sea connectors are used for underwater electrical connections, then power can be transmitted to submerged equipment, but the connectors are subjected to harsh environments including varying sea water pressure and sea water ingression which may damage the connectors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveunderwater electrical connectionVSAvoidenvironmental damage
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates non-linear resistive layers and deflectors that are pre-installed in the connector to cushion and control the electric field stress before it can cause damage to the connector components under harsh underwater conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Solution Approach 2:

The non-linear resistive layer acts as a sacrificial protective element that can be designed to fail first, protecting the more expensive and critical connector components from environmental damage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively reduces stress on components and prevents damage by uniformly distributing electric fields, enabling reliable HVDC power transmission and reducing maintenance costs.

Implementation Method 1

a first non-linear resistive layer configured to be coupled to a portion of the first conductor unsheathed by at least the first insulation screen layer and configured to control a direct current electric field generated in the first cable termination chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDirect current electric field: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

a first deflector configured to be coupled to the first power cable and control an alternating current electric field generated in the first cable termination chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAlternating current electric field: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP2884595B1System and method for sub-sea cable termination
Publication Date: 2016.06.29 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP2884595B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2884595B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2884595B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An electrical connector 100 is presented. The electrical connector includes a first cable termination chamber 106 configured to receive a first power cable 128 comprising at least a first conductor 186 sheathed at least in part by a first insulating layer 190 and a first insulation screen layer 192. Also, the electrical connector includes a first non-linear resistive layer 158 configured to be coupled to a portion of the first conductor unsheathed by at least the first insulation screen layer and configured to control a direct current electric field generated in the first cable termination chamber. In addition, the electrical connector includes a first deflector 166 configured to be coupled to the first power cable and control an alternating current electric field generated in the first cable termination chamber.