Subsea Pipeline Heating Station Using Segmented Electromagnetic Induction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing solutions for maintaining the temperature of hydrocarbons in underwater pipelines, such as thermal insulation and electric heating, are either inefficient or costly and prone to service disruptions if not continuously maintained.

Innovation Solution

A flexible and removable heating station using electromagnetic induction, with solenoids wound around heating conduits and magnetic yokes to concentrate the electromagnetic field, allowing for efficient heating of long pipeline sections without continuous installation and minimizing maintenance costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If thermal insulation is used on underwater pipes, then heat retention is improved, but cooling prevention is insufficient over long distances

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat lossVSAvoidtemperature maintenance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the long underwater pipeline into multiple sections, each equipped with an independent electromagnetic heating unit. Instead of relying solely on thermal insulation for the entire length, the pipeline is segmented into zones with active heating capability, ensuring temperature maintenance over long distances where insulation alone is insufficient.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces electromagnetic heating units as intermediary devices between the fluid and the external environment. These units act as mediators that actively compensate for heat loss through electromagnetic induction, working in conjunction with thermal insulation to maintain fluid temperature throughout the pipeline.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Temperature

If electric heating cables are wrapped around entire pipeline length, then temperature maintenance is improved, but installation and maintenance costs increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid temperatureVSAvoidheating system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces continuous heating cables with discrete electromagnetic heating units positioned at specific locations along the pipeline. Each unit consists of a solenoid coil and magnetic yokes that can be independently installed and maintained, reducing overall system complexity compared to continuous cable wrapping.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the heating function from the continuous cable system and concentrates it into discrete electromagnetic units. By taking out the heating capability from every point along the pipeline and concentrating it at specific locations, the system achieves temperature maintenance with reduced installation and maintenance complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Temperature

If continuous electric heating cables are used, then temperature control is improved, but reliability decreases due to continuity dependency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid temperatureVSAvoidsystem reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the heating system into independent electromagnetic units that operate autonomously. Each unit can function independently without relying on continuous cable integrity, eliminating the single-point-failure vulnerability inherent in continuous heating cable systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates redundancy by distributing multiple independent heating units along the pipeline. This beforehand cushioning ensures that if one unit fails, others continue to provide heating, compensating for potential failures before they cause complete system shutdown.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

4Object-generated harmful factors

If scrapers are frequently circulated to clean pipes, then deposit removal is improved, but operational disruption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposit formationVSAvoidoperational downtime
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by maintaining fluid temperature above critical thresholds through electromagnetic heating, preventing deposit formation before it occurs. This proactive temperature maintenance eliminates the need for frequent mechanical cleaning operations that would disrupt pipeline operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful effect of temperature drop (which causes deposit formation) into a benefit by using electromagnetic heating to maintain optimal temperature. The same electromagnetic field that heats the fluid also prevents the conditions that lead to deposits, turning a potential problem into a preventive solution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively maintains fluid temperature above critical thresholds, preventing deposition and ensuring continuous operation with reduced installation and maintenance costs, and allows for easy relocation or repair of heating stations without affecting the entire pipeline system.

Implementation Method 1

at least one solenoid (8) which is wound around a part of the heating conduit and supplied with electric current from the surface installation to heat the part of the heating conduit by electromagnetic induction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

magnetic yokes to concentrate the electromagnetic field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field concentration: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP3213601B1Station for heating fluids flowing through a network of submarine pipelines
Publication Date: 2021.12.01 SAIPEM SA
  • EP3213601B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3213601B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3213601B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The invention relates to a station (2) for heating fluids flowing through a network of submarine pipelines, comprising at least one heating duct (6) made from conductive material and intended to be connected to a submarine pipeline (4) for transporting fluids, and at least one solenoid (8) wound around part of the heating duct and supplied with electric current in order to heat said part of the heating duct by means of electromagnetic induction.