Substation Feeder Fault Control With Local Merging Unit Execution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional substation control systems face challenges in reducing reaction time for fault identification and troubleshooting, which affects the magnitude of overcurrents and equipment preservation, necessitating the development of new equipment that can resist smaller overcurrents and reduce costs.
Innovation Solution
A control method and system that utilizes an intelligent electronic device (IED) and a merging unit connected via a BUS network to identify fault conditions and transmit conditional control commands, with the merging unit executing control measures closer to the substation feeder, reducing reaction time by delegating decision-making and processing tasks, and using communication protocols like GOOSE and hierarchical models to ensure timely and efficient fault response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a centralized protection device is used to comply with standardized requirements, then cost-efficient operation is achieved, but reaction time cannot be reduced further
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into multiple hierarchical levels: a centralized control device for substation-wide functions and decentralized control units for individual feeder functions. This segmentation allows reaction time-critical tasks to be performed locally while maintaining centralized coordination, thereby reducing overall reaction time without compromising system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a hierarchical dimension to the control system architecture, adding a decentralized control layer between the centralized device and the feeders. This hierarchical structure enables parallel processing of control tasks at different levels, reducing the single-path decision delay of conventional centralized systems.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If reaction time is reduced to preserve existing equipment, then equipment lifetime is extended, but communication and decision paths become more complex
Solution Approach 1:
Decision-making authority is segmented and distributed to decentralized control units that are physically close to the feeders. This localizes the decision path, significantly reducing communication and decision delays compared to centralized processing, thereby extending equipment lifetime through faster fault response.
Solution Approach 2:
Decentralized control units act as intermediaries between the centralized control device and the feeders. These intermediaries handle time-critical local decisions autonomously while maintaining communication with the centralized system, reducing the overall decision path length without eliminating centralized coordination.
3Speed
If decentralized control is implemented to reduce reaction time, then fault response speed increases, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is divided into modular decentralized control units, each handling specific feeder functions locally. This segmentation enables parallel fault detection and response across multiple feeders simultaneously, dramatically increasing fault response speed while keeping each individual control unit relatively simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges centralized and decentralized control approaches into a hybrid hierarchical system. The decentralized units provide fast local response, while the centralized device provides overall coordination, combining the advantages of both approaches to achieve high speed with manageable complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A technique for a control method and a control system in a substation is provided. The control system includes a substation feeder, an intelligent electronic device, IED, a merging unit, and BUS network connecting the IED and the merging unit. The control method includes providing measurement signals by the substation feeder to the merging unit, transmitting, by the merging unit, measurement data based on the measurement signals of the substation feeder to the IED via the BUS network, identifying, by the IED, a fault condition based on the measurement data, transmitting, by the IED, a conditional control command to the merging unit via the BUS network, determining, by the merging unit, whether the condition of the conditional control command is met, and if so initiating, by the merging unit, the control measure of the substation feeder circuit.