Substation Ethernet VLAN Configuration from IED Data Flows

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Solution Overview

Problem

In Substation Automation and Process Control systems, existing Ethernet switch-based networks face challenges in configuring Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) due to the need for manual configuration and the inability to automatically detect VLANs, leading to network traffic overload and instability, especially in real-time critical applications like GOOSE and SV messages.

Innovation Solution

The method involves automatically generating VLAN configuration data from logical data flows between Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) using a standardized configuration representation, determining VLAN IDs for edge and trunk ports, and evaluating message sizes and rates to predict network load, thereby reducing unnecessary traffic and preventing overflow.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If manual VLAN configuration is used in Ethernet switch-based networks, then configuration flexibility and control are improved, but configuration time and complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveVLAN configuration controlVSAvoidConfiguration time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-configuration by automatically generating VLAN configurations based on the standardized configuration representation. The configuration tool extracts VLAN requirements from the logical data flow description and configures switches without manual intervention, making the system configure itself rather than requiring operator input for each VLAN setting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

VLAN configurations are determined in advance during the system design phase using the standardized configuration representation. The configuration tool processes the logical data flow description beforehand to pre-calculate optimal VLAN assignments before actual system deployment, eliminating time-consuming on-site configuration activities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If VLANs are not automatically detected and configured, then network security and traffic control are maintained through manual control, but network traffic overload and instability occur due to inability to restrict multicast traffic

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveNetwork stabilityVSAvoidVLAN configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The configuration tool analyzes the standardized configuration representation to determine VLAN requirements, then applies this configuration to switches. This closed-loop approach ensures that VLAN configurations match the actual logical data flow requirements, providing feedback-based optimization of network traffic control and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically determines VLAN parameters (VLAN IDs, port assignments, multicast restrictions) based on the logical data flow description in the standardized configuration representation. Configuration parameters are adjusted according to actual communication requirements rather than using fixed manual settings, optimizing network performance automatically.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If all multicast messages are forwarded to all ports without VLAN segmentation, then network simplicity is maintained, but unnecessary network traffic increases causing overflow in real-time critical applications

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveReal-time message processing efficiencyVSAvoidNetwork traffic volume
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The network is segmented into multiple VLANs based on the logical data flow requirements extracted from the standardized configuration representation. This segmentation divides the broadcast domain into smaller collision domains, restricting multicast traffic to only those ports that need to receive specific message types, thereby reducing overall network traffic volume and preventing overflow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Extent of automation

If centralized VLAN configuration table is used to automatically configure switches, then configuration automation is improved, but system reliability decreases due to single point of failure

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveVLAN configuration automationVSAvoidConfiguration system reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The standardized configuration representation (SCD file) serves as an intermediary that contains the logical data flow description. The configuration tool reads this standardized representation to determine VLAN configurations, decoupling the automation logic from the switch configuration process. This intermediary approach allows automation while improving reliability by using a standardized, version-controlled configuration source rather than a fragile centralized table.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP2157732B2Configuration of a process control system
Publication Date: 2021.10.20 ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG
  • EP2157732B2 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2157732B2 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention is concerned with an automatic generation of Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) configuration data from a logical data flow between the Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) of a Process Control (PC) or Substation Automation (SA) system as described within a standardized configuration representation of the system. The process IEDs, the switches of the Ethernet switch-based communication network to which the IEDs arc connected, as well as the connecting cables arc made aware of the assigned VLANs. Any performance analysis or diagnosis on these components can show design problems with VLANs and communication architecture already at engineering or communication system design time.