Substituted [1,2,4]triazole Compounds for Broad-Spectrum Fungicidal Activity
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fungicidal compounds often exhibit unsatisfactory activity, particularly at low application rates, against phytopathogenic harmful fungi, necessitating the development of compounds with improved activity and broader spectrum efficacy.
Innovation Solution
The use of substituted [1,2,4]triazole compounds, specifically those of formula I, which are synthesized through various chemical processes involving boronic acids, transition metal catalysts, and nucleophilic replacement reactions, offering favorable fungicidal activity against phytopathogenic fungi.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If known fungicidal compounds are used at low application rates, then application cost is reduced, but fungicidal activity becomes unsatisfactory
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of fungicidal compounds through specific substitution patterns on the triazole core (introducing electron-withdrawing groups like CF3, Cl, F at positions 4, 5, and 6), which enhances the biological activity and fungicidal efficacy of the compound, allowing effective protection at lower application rates
2Adaptability or versatility
If known fungicidal compounds are used, then existing formulations can be maintained, but activity spectrum remains limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by systematically varying substituents at multiple positions (R1 at position 1, R2 at position 3, R3 at position 5, R4/R5 at position 6) of the triazole molecule, creating a library of compounds with different electronic and steric properties that expand the spectrum of effective fungal pathogens while maintaining high activity against target species
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds demonstrate enhanced fungicidal activity and a broader spectrum of effectiveness against phytopathogenic fungi, addressing the limitations of existing fungicides, especially at lower application rates.
Implementation Method 1
These boronic compounds IV can be oxidized to the corresponding phenols IIa, preferably using a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide
Implementation Method 2
As a reference for performing this reaction using a transition metal catalyst, preferably a Pd salt or complex
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) wherein the variables are defined in the description and claims, their preparation and uses thereof.