Automated Substrate Alignment via Through-Beam Sensor Feedback

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Manual alignment methods in substrate processing apparatuses are subjective, time-consuming, and lack repeatability, leading to inaccuracies and increased downtime, especially when dealing with the precise placement of substrates in tightly arranged fabrication facilities.

Innovation Solution

An automated substrate processing apparatus with a self-teaching system using through-beam sensors and positional encoders to accurately determine and adjust the alignment of substrates, eliminating the need for specialized targets or sensors, and ensuring precise positioning through geometric modeling and feedback mechanisms.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If manual alignment methods are used, then alignment can be performed with simple equipment, but alignment accuracy and repeatability deteriorate due to subjectivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment accuracyVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual mechanical alignment with an automated optical sensing system. Through-beam sensors detect substrate positions and encoders measure transport apparatus movements, eliminating subjective human judgment. The control system processes this data to automatically calculate and apply alignment corrections, substituting mechanical manual operations with automated sensor-based measurement and control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-alignment by automatically detecting its own geometric parameters and correcting deviations. The transport control system uses encoder data and sensor measurements to self-diagnose alignment issues and self-correct by adjusting transport trajectories, eliminating the need for external technician intervention and specialized alignment equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If manual alignment methods are used, then equipment setup can be performed with basic tools, but production downtime increases due to time-consuming procedures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubstrate throughputVSAvoidalignment time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary alignment measurements and calculations automatically during equipment setup or after component replacement. By pre-determining the exact alignment corrections needed through automated sensor measurements and encoder data analysis, the system eliminates time-consuming manual trial-and-adjustment procedures, reducing equipment idle time and maximizing substrate throughput.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Measurement precision

If specialized targets or sensors are used for alignment, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment measurement accuracyVSAvoidalignment system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes existing transport apparatus components serve dual functions: the transport mechanism not only moves substrates but also precisely positions them for alignment measurement. The through-beam sensors and encoders, while part of the standard transport system, simultaneously perform both transport control and alignment measurement functions, eliminating the need for separate specialized alignment equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The automated system significantly improves alignment accuracy and repeatability, reduces downtime, and enables precise substrate placement, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of substrate processing in semiconductor and display manufacturing.

Implementation Method 1

a through-beam sensor produces a beam of light and detects interruption of the beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight interruption detection: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

an encoder measures a position of the transport apparatus by detecting changes in a position of light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight position detection: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP1904893B1Substrate transport apparatus with automated alignment
Publication Date: 2012.11.28 BROOKS AUTOMATION INC
  • EP1904893B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1904893B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1904893B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A substrate processing apparatus is provided with a substrate transport apparatus. The transport apparatus is used for automating alignment of the processing apparatus. In one aspect, a through-beam sensor on the transport apparatus is used to level parts of the processing apparatus. In another aspect, a through-beam sensor on the transport apparatus is used to determine the locations and angular orientations of substrate stations within a plane. In another aspect, the transport apparatus teaches itself the accurate location of a substrate aligner by repeatedly placing the substrate on the aligner, recording positional data, constructing a cost function, and determining the location of the aligner by minimizing the cost function using a numerical technique.