Subwavelength Grating Polarizer for Display Panel Light Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional polarizers in liquid crystal displays suffer from high light energy loss due to absorption, and subwavelength grating structures fail to optimize transmittance for the three primary colors of RGB, affecting overall light transmission.
Innovation Solution
The use of upper and lower polarizing units with subwavelength nano-grating structures, each with distinct grating periods, duty ratios, and heights, are disposed corresponding to specific sub-pixels to enhance transmittance of red, green, and blue light, ensuring higher transmittance for each color.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If traditional absorption-type polarizers are used, then polarization function is achieved, but light energy loss reaches 95% due to absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional absorption-type polarizer with a subwavelength grating structure that uses optical interference and diffraction effects instead of material absorption. The grating structure with periodic patterns smaller than the wavelength of light creates selective transmission and reflection based on polarization state, eliminating the need for light-absorbing materials and thereby reducing energy loss from 95% to minimal levels.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental operating parameter of the polarizer from absorption-based to interference-based by using subwavelength grating structures. The grating period is designed to be smaller than the wavelength of incident light, creating specific optical path differences that result in constructive and destructive interference patterns, thereby achieving polarization through phase manipulation rather than absorption.
2Loss of energy
If uniform subwavelength grating structure is used, then high transmittance and high contrast are achieved, but optimal transmittance of three primary colors of RGB cannot be satisfied
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different subwavelength grating structures to different color sub-pixels (red, green, blue) based on their specific wavelength characteristics. Each color channel has a customized grating structure with optimized parameters such as grating period, depth, and fill factor, allowing each local region to be optimized for its specific wavelength range while maintaining overall system performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the display panel into multiple color channels (red, green, blue sub-pixels) and applies segmented optimization strategies to each channel. Instead of using a single uniform grating structure for all colors, the display is segmented into color-specific regions, each with tailored subwavelength grating parameters that optimize transmittance for that particular wavelength range.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases the overall light transmission effect by optimizing transmittance for each monochromatic color, resulting in higher transmittance of red, green, and blue light, thereby improving the display panel's light transmission performance.
Implementation Method 1
The subwavelength grating structure has a high extinction ratio for light fields of a transverse magnetic (TM) field and a transverse electric (TE) field, which can significantly transmit TM light perpendicular to a direction of an arrangement of metal lines and reflect TE light parallel to the direction of the arrangement of the metal lines
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes sub-pixels with multiple colors and upper polarizing units with various structures. The upper polarizing units with the various structures are disposed one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixels with the multiple colors to increase transmittance of transmitted light of each color through the upper polarizing units corresponding to the sub-pixels whose color is the same as the color of the upper polarizing units.