Sucralose Cryopreservation Ice Crystal Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cryopreservation methods using chemicals like glycerol and DMSO are limited due to toxicity, cost, and the need for specialized equipment, leading to cell death from ice crystal formation during freezing.
Innovation Solution
Using a composition including sucrose and/or sucralose to contact and freeze cells, tissues, or plants, reducing ice crystal formation and cell death by replacing water in cell membranes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional cryopreservatives like glycerol or DMSO are used, then ice crystal formation is reduced, but cell death increases due to toxicity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses sucrose and sucralose, which are non-toxic, inexpensive, and do not require removal equipment, replacing expensive and toxic cryopreservatives like DMSO and glycerol. These sugars can be directly used without specialized removal instrumentation, making the process simpler and safer for clinical applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the cryopreservation medium by using sugars (sucrose and sucralose) instead of traditional toxic chemicals. This parameter change maintains the ability to reduce ice crystal formation while eliminating the toxicity problem, achieving both protection and safety.
2Reliability
If traditional cryopreservatives are used, then freezing protection is improved, but equipment complexity increases due to need for specialized instrumentation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs sucrose and sucralose that require no specialized removal equipment. These sugars can be easily discarded or metabolized without complex instrumentation, eliminating the need for specialized removal equipment while maintaining effective freezing protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the toxic components from the cryopreservation system by using only non-toxic sugars. This eliminates the need for removal equipment entirely, as the protective agents can be safely left in the system without causing harm.
3Reliability
If water is replaced in cell membranes, then ice crystal formation is reduced, but cost increases due to use of specialized chemicals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses sucrose and sucralose, which are inexpensive substances compared to specialized cryopreservatives. These sugars can be obtained from common sources and do not require expensive procurement, reducing the cost while maintaining effective ice crystal formation reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the economic parameters of cryopreservation by using low-cost sugars instead of expensive specialized chemicals. This parameter change maintains the protective function while dramatically reducing the cost of the cryopreservative substances.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Sucrose and sucralose effectively reduce ice crystal formation and cell death during cryopreservation, offering improved cryopreservation outcomes compared to traditional methods, with sucrose and sucralose concentrations between 0.01% to 2.5% w/v providing optimal protection.
Implementation Method 1
The techniques for cryopreservation currently being used employ toxic chemicals which must be removed from the cells before they are used or transfused
Implementation Method 2
The cause of death is generally ice crystal formation, which punctures cells leading to cell death
Implementation Method 3
by replacing water in the membranes of cells, the likelihood of ice crystal formation is reduced
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods of preparing a cell, tissue, organ or plant for cryopreservation, wherein the method includes contacting the cell, tissue, organ or plant with a composition including sucrose and/or sucralose.