S. suis Vaccine with White Oil Adjuvant for Serotype Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vaccines are ineffective in providing immunoprotection against Streptococcus suis serotypes 2, 3, and 31, and there is a lack of a vaccine that can effectively resist all these serotypes, particularly due to the emergence of drug resistance and limited immunoprotection offered by whole-cell inactivated vaccines.
Innovation Solution
A vaccine is developed using a protein antigen with a specific amino acid sequence, combined with a white oil adjuvant and aluminum stearate, which is emulsified with Tween-80 to create a formulation that provides comprehensive immunoprotection against S. suis serotypes 2, 3, and 31, with a protein expression method involving gene insertion into a vector and host strain induction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a whole-cell inactivated vaccine is used for S. suis, then immunoprotection is provided, but the protection is limited to specific serotypes and does not cover serotypes 2, 3, and 31 effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by developing a single vaccine formulation containing a novel protein antigen that provides protective immunity against multiple S. suis serotypes (2, 3, and 31) simultaneously. The protein antigen appears to share conserved epitopes across these serotypes, enabling one vaccine to serve multiple protective functions rather than requiring separate vaccines for each serotype.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by formulating the vaccine with a specific protein antigen combined with white oil adjuvant and aluminum stearate. This composite formulation enhances the immunogenicity and broadens the protective coverage against multiple serotypes, overcoming the limitations of simple whole-cell inactivated vaccines.
2Reliability
If multiple separate vaccines are developed for different serotypes, then each serotype can be targeted specifically, but production cost and vaccination workload increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the need for multiple separate vaccines by creating a universal vaccine formulation that protects against serotypes 2, 3, and 31 simultaneously. This single vaccine replaces what would otherwise require three separate vaccination programs, significantly reducing vaccination workload, production costs, and logistical complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the protective functions against multiple serotypes into a single vaccine product. By combining the antigenic components that elicit cross-protective immunity against serotypes 2, 3, and 31 into one formulation, the patent consolidates multiple vaccination requirements into a single intervention.
3Reliability
If conventional vaccines are used, then immunoprotection is provided, but animal stress response increases and production cost rises
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by using a purified protein antigen instead of whole-cell preparations, and by optimizing the adjuvant formulation with white oil and aluminum stearate. These parameter changes in antigen purity and adjuvant composition reduce the immunological noise and unwanted side effects, thereby lowering animal stress response while maintaining effective immunoprotection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by using a specifically designed protein antigen with targeted epitopes that stimulate the desired immune response without the contaminants present in whole-cell vaccines. This localized precision in antigen selection reduces unnecessary immune activation and associated stress responses in vaccinated animals.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The vaccine achieves a 100% protection rate against S. suis serotypes 2, 3, and 31, while reducing production costs and animal stress, and demonstrates significant immunoprotection efficacy through high antibody titers and cytokine expression levels.
Implementation Method 1
mixing the antigen solution with the white oil adjuvant according to a volume ratio of (0.5-1.5):2, and emulsifying to obtain the S. suis vaccine
Implementation Method 2
adding Tween-80 to an aqueous solution of the protein with the amino add sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and thoroughly mixing to obtain an antigen solution
Data Source
AI summary
A Streptococcus suis (S. suis) vaccine is provided. For the S. suis vaccine, an antigen is a protein with an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. A preparation method of the S. suis vaccine is provided, including the following steps: mixing a white oil and aluminum stearate to obtain a white oil adjuvant; adding poly sorbate 80 to an aqueous solution of the protein with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and thoroughly mixing to obtain an antigen solution; and mixing the antigen solution with the white oil adjuvant according to a volume ratio of (0.5-1.5):2, and emulsifying to obtain the S. suis vaccine. An animal immunized with the S. suis vaccine of the present disclosure can effectively resist the attack of S. suis serotype 2, 3, and 31, with a vaccine protection rate as high as 100%.