Secondary Battery Sulfate Additive for Gas Suppression and Energy Density
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries generate gas byproducts during electrical cycling, leading to case deformation and reduced energy density, necessitating a balance between service life and energy density.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery design with a battery case accommodating cavity, cell assembly, and electrolyte containing a sulfate compound, forming an inorganic SEI film to reduce side reactions and gas generation, while maintaining residual space to accommodate gas, with controlled additive ratios and space to balance energy density and service life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the space inside the battery case is expanded to accommodate gas byproducts, then the risk of case deformation is reduced and service life is prolonged, but the energy density is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter of the electrolyte by introducing a sulfate compound additive. This chemical modification reduces gas generation at the source, allowing the battery to maintain high energy density with minimal residual space while still managing gas byproducts effectively throughout its service life.
2Reliability
If the mass percentage of sulfate compound is increased to reduce side reactions and gas generation, then service life is prolonged, but the impact on electrolyte performance and energy density may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameter of the sulfate compound additive within a specific range (0.01-5% by mass). This controlled parameter change achieves sufficient gas reduction to prolong service life while minimizing the impact on electrolyte performance and maintaining high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The sulfate compound continuously forms a protective film on the negative electrode surface during battery operation. This continuous protective action reduces side reactions and gas generation throughout the battery's cycling life, extending service life without significantly compromising energy density.
3Quantity of substance
If the residual space is reduced to increase energy density, then the energy density is improved, but the ability to accommodate gas byproducts is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of gas generation into a beneficial outcome by using the sulfate compound additive to suppress gas formation at the source. This transforms the problem of gas accumulation into an opportunity to maintain high energy density with minimal residual space while still ensuring long service life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively reduces gas generation, prolongs battery life, and maintains energy density by forming an inorganic SEI film and providing space for gas, enhancing safety and performance.
Implementation Method 1
the sulfate compound can form an inorganic SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) film at the interface between the electrolyte and a negative electrode plate, effectively reducing side reactions occurring due to the contact between the electrolyte and the negative electrode plate
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a secondary battery and an electrical apparatus. The secondary battery comprises a battery case having an accommodating cavity, a cell assembly disposed in the accommodating cavity, and an electrolyte containing a first additive, the first additive comprising a sulphate compound; wherein a ratio W/R of a mass percentage W of the sulphate compound to a residual space R is within a range of 0.03% to 40% based on the total mass of the electrolyte, which enables the secondary battery to achieve a balance between service life and energy density.