Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Cells With Room-Temperature Pressure Sintering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Sulfide solid-state electrolytes face challenges such as the need for higher stability voltage window, improved electrode-electrolyte interface, air stability, and cost-effective large-scale manufacturing, particularly in developing all-solid-state batteries with high energy density.
Innovation Solution
A bulk-type all-solid-state battery with a compressed powder electrode/electrolyte layer, using a lithium-conducting sulfide electrolyte with an argyrodite structure (Li6PS5X) and an anode-less configuration with a lithium sulfide-based cathode, manufactured using room-temperature pressure-sintering techniques to achieve high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If sulfide solid-state electrolytes are used to achieve high ionic conductivity, then energy density is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase due to requiring inert atmosphere and high-purity conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies inert atmosphere by conducting the sintering process in an argon-filled glove box environment. This prevents oxidation and contamination of the sulfide electrolyte materials during manufacturing, enabling high-purity dense ceramics to be formed while maintaining the chemical stability required for high ionic conductivity. The inert environment allows conventional sintering equipment to be used without requiring specialized inert atmosphere processing lines.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by optimizing sintering temperature (900-1100°C), pressure (5-50 MPa), and time (1-24 hours) to achieve dense ceramic structures with high ionic conductivity. By adjusting these parameters, the method produces electrolytes with controlled grain size, density, and phase composition, achieving high energy density while using standard laboratory equipment rather than complex manufacturing systems.
2Reliability
If conventional high-temperature sintering methods are used to manufacture sulfide electrolytes, then ionic conductivity is improved, but energy consumption and equipment requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes to optimize the sintering process, conducting it at moderate temperatures (900-1100°C) rather than extremely high temperatures. By carefully controlling temperature, pressure (5-50 MPa), and time (1-24 hours), the method achieves dense electrolyte ceramics with high ionic conductivity (>10^-4 S/cm at room temperature) while consuming less energy and using conventional equipment available in most laboratories.
3Reliability
If high-density sulfide electrolytes are produced through conventional methods, then ionic conductivity is improved, but manufacturing cost and equipment complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an argon-filled glove box as the inert atmosphere environment for the entire sintering process. This approach prevents oxidation and moisture contamination of the sulfide materials, enabling high-purity dense ceramics to be formed using conventional sintering equipment. The method achieves high ionic conductivity electrolytes without requiring specialized inert atmosphere processing lines, making the manufacturing process accessible to most research laboratories and simplifying production.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by optimizing sintering conditions (temperature: 900-1100°C, pressure: 5-50 MPa, time: 1-24 hours) to achieve dense ceramic structures with high ionic conductivity. By adjusting these parameters, the method produces electrolytes with controlled grain size, density, and phase composition using standard laboratory equipment rather than complex manufacturing systems, significantly improving ease of manufacture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables the development of high-energy density all-solid-state batteries with improved stability and scalability, maintaining efficiency and safety while simplifying the manufacturing process at room temperature, overcoming the limitations of conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Implementation Method 1
a solid-state electrolyte having a lithium-conducting sulfide electrolyte, of the formula Li6PS5X (X=Cl, Br, I) with argyrodite structure and exhibiting ionic conductivity over 1 mS cm-1 at room temperature
Implementation Method 2
manufactured using room-temperature pressure-sintering techniques to achieve high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability
Data Source
AI summary
A solid-state battery comprising at least one electrode stack that includes a solid-state electrolyte, cathode, and optionally an anode. The electrolyte can be an oxygen-free and carbon-free solid-state and alkali-conducting electrolyte that is processable in oxygen-containing atmospheres with room temperature ionic conductivity greater than 1 mS/cm and room temperature shear modulus greater between 1 GPa and 20 GPa. The cathode can be composed of an electrochemically-active material from Group 16 of the periodic table having a high surface area greater than 10 m2/g and contact with a conductive carbon material. The anode can be comprised of any material that can reversibly accommodate group 1 or group 2 elements or the base group 1 or group 2 element. The solid-state battery can utilize a solid-state electrolyte having a lithium-conducting sulfide electrolyte, of the formula U6PS5X (X=Cl, Br, I) with argyrodite structure and exhibiting ionic conductivity over 1 mS cm-1 at room temperature.