Cylindrical Supercapacitor Lithium Insertion Method
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing methods for preparing hybrid supercapacitors are complex and expensive, requiring precise calibration of metallic lithium quantities and posing risks of dendrite formation and short circuits due to residual lithium, which complicates the assembly process and reduces efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A method for preparing a cylindrical alkali metal-ion hybrid supercapacitor involving a cylindrical coiled element with a central free volume, where a solid alkali metal mass is inserted and electrically connected to the negative electrode to intercalate ions, then removed before casing closure, simplifying the process and avoiding residual metal issues.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If lithium sheets are inserted into the stack at assembly to form passivation layer and intercalate lithium ions, then the negative electrode formation is achieved, but the assembly process becomes complex and expensive requiring humidity control and precise calibration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-forming the passivation layer on lithium sheets outside the supercapacitor assembly, then inserting the pre-formed lithium sheets into the stack. This eliminates the need for humidity-controlled assembly and precise calibration during assembly, as the lithium sheets are already prepared with the necessary passivation layer before insertion into the electrochemical cell
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the formation process into two independent stages: (1) passivation layer formation on lithium sheets in a controlled external environment, and (2) insertion of pre-formed lithium sheets into the supercapacitor stack. This segmentation allows the complex passivation process to be separated from the assembly process, simplifying both operations and eliminating the need for humidity control during assembly
2Reliability
If precise calibration of metallic lithium quantity is performed to ensure complete consumption, then dendrite formation and short circuits are avoided, but preliminary tests and calculations are required increasing time and cost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses lithium sheets with a deliberately excess quantity of metallic lithium that is intentionally designed to be consumed during the formation cycle. Rather than precisely calibrating the lithium quantity to be exactly consumed, the method uses an excess amount that ensures complete consumption during formation, eliminating the need for time-consuming calibration tests and calculations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of lithium quantity from a precisely calibrated exact amount to an intentionally excess amount. This parameter change simplifies the process by eliminating calibration requirements, as the excess lithium ensures complete consumption during formation without requiring preliminary tests to determine the exact stoichiometric amount needed
3Reliability
If lithium sheets are inserted during assembly, then passivation layer formation is enabled, but the process requires humidity-controlled atmosphere to avoid degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs the passivation layer formation as a preliminary action outside the supercapacitor assembly in a controlled environment. The lithium sheets are pre-formed with their passivation layers before insertion into the stack, which eliminates the requirement for humidity-controlled atmosphere during the assembly process itself, making manufacturing easier and more accessible
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for efficient formation of negative electrodes without residual alkali metal risks, enabling stable charge and discharge cycles while utilizing the central volume for gas containment, thus preventing swelling and enhancing the supercapacitor's operational safety and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
intercalate ions of said alkali metal M1 in the negative electrode of the cylindrical coiled element
Data Source
Figure 1a~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5~6
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for the production of a cylindrical, alkali metal-ion hybrid supercapacitor, and to the resulting cylindrical, alkali metal-ion hybrid supercapacitor.