Superconducting Hydride Compositions for High-Temperature Pressure Tuning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing superconducting materials do not exhibit superconductivity at commercially viable temperatures and pressures necessary for practical applications.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel hydride compositions and methods to achieve superconductivity at higher temperatures and pressures through molecular exchange and structural tuning in hydrogen-rich systems, utilizing ternary and quaternary systems with specific elements and conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional superconducting materials are used, then superconductivity can be achieved, but the temperature and pressure conditions are not commercially viable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by systematically varying pressure and temperature conditions to identify optimal operating points for superconductivity. Through high-pressure physics experiments, the material achieves superconducting states at temperatures up to 287 K under pressures around 267 GPa, transforming the conventional low-temperature requirement into a higher-temperature regime that may be commercially viable for specific applications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes composite material strategies by creating hydrogen-rich systems with specific compositions (ternary and quaternary systems) that combine multiple elements to achieve enhanced superconducting properties. The composite approach allows tuning of material properties to achieve commercially viable operating conditions
2Temperature
If high pressure is applied to achieve superconductivity, then superconducting transition temperature increases, but the complexity of maintaining such conditions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes to map the phase diagram of the material under varying pressure and temperature conditions. By identifying the optimal window where superconductivity occurs at higher temperatures, the system reduces the relative complexity of maintaining stable superconducting states for practical applications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary substances or stabilizing agents that facilitate the formation and stabilization of the superconducting phase under high pressure. These intermediaries act as mediators between the applied pressure and the material structure, enabling superconductivity at more manageable conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Achieves superconductivity at temperatures up to 287 K at 267 GPa, confirming the potential for stable superconductors suitable for energy transmission and computing applications.
Implementation Method 1
various hydrides exhibiting superconductivity at more favorable pressures and temperatures are disclosed
Implementation Method 2
Higher temperature conventional superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials has been reported in several systems under high pressure
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions of matter and methods of identifying and making compositions of matter are disclosed. Some embodiments disclose making and chemically and/or compositionally tuning superconducting hydride materials. Some embodiments disclose an apparatus for making and compositionally tuning superconducting materials. Some embodiments disclose a composition of matter including a solid hydride exhibiting superconductivity at a temperature of at least 150 kelvin at an ambient pressure below 180 gigapascals, or at a temperature of at least 261 kelvin. In one or more embodiments, the superconductor includes a covalent metal hydride having at least three different chemical elements wherein an inter-atomic distance between the hydrogen in the covalent metal hydride is in a range of 1.1-2 angstroms. In yet further examples, the superconductor is formed using molecular exchange and compression of a Van der Waals solid. In yet further examples, the superconductor comprises molecular hydrogen disposed in 1-dimensional channels. These and other embodiments are disclosed herein.