Superconductive Magnetic Shield for Isotropic Space Radiation Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current radiation shielding technologies for spacecraft and other applications are either too heavy due to the need for thick absorbing materials or energy-intensive for creating artificial magnetospheres, and they fail to provide effective isotropic protection against charged particle radiation from coronal mass ejections.

Innovation Solution

A magnetic field generator using superconductive material, such as Niobium-Titanium embedded in copper wire, generates a magnetic field with a flux density of 0.5 to 10 Tesla, combined with a thermal control system and a magnetic shield device, to deflect radiation while minimizing weight and energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If thick absorbing materials are used to shield radiation, then radiation protection is improved, but weight increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiation protectionVSAvoidshield weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter of radiation shielding from material thickness to magnetic field strength. By using superconductive coils to generate a magnetic field with flux density of 0.5 to 10 Tesla, the system deflects charged particles through electromagnetic force rather than relying on physical absorption, thereby achieving radiation protection without the prohibitive weight of thick shielding materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical/physical system of material absorption with an electromagnetic field-based system. Instead of using massive physical barriers to stop radiation, the invention uses magnetic fields generated by superconductive coils to deflect charged particles, substituting a lightweight electromagnetic mechanism for a heavy mechanical shielding structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If artificial magnetosphere is created to deflect particles, then radiation deflection is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiation deflectionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operational parameter from continuous high-energy magnetic field generation to pulsed or activated-field generation. The system uses superconductive materials that can maintain magnetic fields with minimal energy input once established, and the field can be activated only when radiation threat is detected, significantly reducing overall energy consumption compared to continuous operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements periodic or on-demand activation of the magnetic field rather than continuous operation. The system can be triggered by radiation detection systems to activate the magnetic shield only when coronal mass ejection or radiation threat is detected, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining effective radiation deflection when needed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Object-affected harmful factors

If conventional magnetic shielding is used, then particle deflection is improved, but isotropic protection is not achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle deflectionVSAvoidisotropic protection
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the magnetic shielding system into multiple independent coil segments arranged in specific geometric configurations (such as hexagonal or octagonal arrangements). Each coil segment generates a magnetic field component that contributes to the overall isotropic shield, allowing the system to deflect particles from multiple directions simultaneously and achieve comprehensive 360-degree protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses composite magnetic field configurations generated by multiple coils with different orientations and current directions. By combining the magnetic field vectors from multiple segmented coils arranged in specific patterns, the system creates a composite isotropic magnetic shield that can deflect charged particles regardless of their approach direction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides lightweight, energy-efficient isotropic radiation protection, effectively deflecting charged particles and reducing exposure to indirect radiation forms like gamma rays and X-rays, while also shielding against the magnetic field generated by the radiation shield.

Implementation Method 1

A magnetic field generator of superconductive material provides a magnetic field around an area to shield the area from radiation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuperconductivity: Superconductivity

Implementation Method 2

The magnetic field generated preferably has a magnetic flux density between 0.5 to 10 Tesla

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 3

To cool the superconductive material to a desired temperature, the radiation shield device also comprises a thermal control system, which in some embodiments of the invention may be either an open loop system including a coolant of liquid helium or liquid neon

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP1739016B1Method and device for magnetic space radiation shield providing isotropic protection
Publication Date: 2009.04.01 THE BOEING CO
  • EP1739016B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1739016B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1739016B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

There is provided a radiation shield device (10) for providing radiation protection to an area (36), such as a manned vehicle. The radiation shield device comprises a magnetic field generator (30), such as a solenoid, of superconductive material (32) that provides a magnetic field (34) around the area to shield the area from radiation. The magnetic field generator preferably comprises at least one trapezoidal portion (330a-330d) to provide substantially isotropic protection to the area. A thermal control system (250), comprising a limited amount of coolant or a refrigeration cycle, is included to control a temperature of the superconductive material during operation of the magnetic field generator. A magnetic shield device (412) may also be provided between the magnetic field generator and the area to be shielded from radiation to substantially shield the area from the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator.