Supercritical CO2 Textile Color Fixing With Phase Transfer Catalysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dyeing and fixing natural-fibre textiles in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is complex due to the difficulty in achieving dye-fiber reactions in a weak acidic medium while maintaining high fixation efficiency, especially with disperse reactive dyes.
Innovation Solution
A device and method utilizing a system with a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, a fixing liquid storage tank, and a reactor with a porous filter and fluid diversion cover, incorporating a phase transfer catalyst and alkaline fixing accelerants like sodium hydroxide or perfluoroalkylsulfonyl quaternary ammonium salt to facilitate phase transfer catalytic fixation of disperse reactive dyes on textiles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If disperse reactive dyes are used for dyeing natural-fibre textiles in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, then the dyeing process can be simplified and fixation efficiency improved, but the complexity of achieving dye-fiber reaction in weak acidic medium increases
Solution Approach 1:
A phase transfer catalyst is introduced as an intermediary substance to facilitate the reaction between disperse reactive dyes and natural-fibre textiles in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. The catalyst enables the dye-fiber reaction to proceed effectively in the weak acidic medium of supercritical CO2, resolving the contradiction by providing a chemical mediator that simplifies the overall process while maintaining high fixation efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the unique properties of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid by controlling temperature and pressure parameters to achieve the supercritical state. This parameter change enables the use of disperse reactive dyes on natural fibers, transforming the dyeing process into a simpler, more efficient operation while maintaining reaction effectiveness
2Reliability
If traditional dyeing methods are used for natural-fibre textiles, then the process is well-established and reliable, but environmental pollution and energy consumption increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs supercritical carbon dioxide fluid as an inert alternative to traditional aqueous dyeing environments. This inert supercritical medium eliminates the need for large amounts of water, reduces environmental pollution, and decreases energy consumption while maintaining process reliability for dyeing natural-fibre textiles with disperse reactive dyes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent exploits the phase transition properties of carbon dioxide between supercritical and gaseous states. By controlling pressure and temperature, the CO2 can be maintained in supercritical state during dyeing, then easily removed by depressurization, leaving no residual solvent and minimizing environmental impact while ensuring reliable dye fixation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enhances the reactivity and fixation efficiency of disperse reactive dyes on natural-fibre textiles, offering a practical, simplified process with improved dyeing and fixing results, suitable for anhydrous textile processing and clean production in the textile industry.
Implementation Method 1
incorporating a phase transfer catalyst and alkaline fixing accelerants like sodium hydroxide or perfluoroalkylsulfonyl quaternary ammonium salt to facilitate phase transfer catalytic fixation of disperse reactive dyes on textiles
Implementation Method 2
Dyeing and fixing natural-fibre textiles in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid
Data Source
AI summary
A device for color-fixing processing on textiles includes a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid unit, a fixing liquid storage tank (2) and a fixing reactor (9). The fixing liquid storage tank (2) is below the fixing reactor (9) and sealed connected by a connecting device (6). The fixing liquid storage tank (2) has a cylindrical cavity in which a fluid distributor (4) is mounted. The fluid distributor (4) is composed of several interconnected pipes which bend down with the nozzles downward, and one of the pipes is used as circulated fluid inlet (1) connected with the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid unit, and the rest of the pipes are used as circulated fluid outlets.