Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Adipose Tissue Extracellular Matrix
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for extracting extracellular matrix from adipose tissue are inefficient due to contamination and limited availability of human-derived tissue, leading to discarding of valuable components like blood and lipids during liposuction, which hampers allotransplantation and utilization of growth factors and proteins.
Innovation Solution
A method using supercritical fluids for decellularization and delipidation of adipose tissue, involving pretreatment steps like washing, mincing, and centrifugation, followed by the introduction of a supercritical fluid to extract the extracellular matrix, effectively removing contaminants and preserving useful proteins.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional extraction methods are used to obtain extracellular matrix from adipose tissue, then the extraction process is simple, but the extracted tissue contains contaminants such as blood and lipids, limiting its availability for allotransplantation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing pretreatment steps (washing, mincing, centrifugation) before the main extraction process. This removes blood, lipids, and other contaminants from the adipose tissue in advance, ensuring that the final extracellular matrix product is clean and suitable for allotransplantation without requiring complex post-processing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by transforming carbon dioxide into a supercritical state through controlled pressure and temperature changes. This supercritical fluid then selectively extracts lipids and contaminants while preserving the extracellular matrix components, achieving both effective purification and product retention
2Productivity
If human adipose tissue is discarded after liposuction, then cosmetic surgery goals are achieved, but valuable growth factors and proteins in the extracellular matrix are wasted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies discarding and recovering by transforming what would normally be discarded waste material (adipose tissue containing blood and lipids) into a valuable product. Through supercritical fluid extraction, the process recovers growth factors, proteins, and extracellular matrix components from the discarded tissue, converting waste into regenerative biomaterials for medical applications
3Reliability
If supercritical fluid is used for decellularization and delipidation, then biocompatibility and yield of extracellular matrix are improved, but the process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by utilizing the unique properties of supercritical carbon dioxide, which automatically separates and removes lipids and contaminants through its solvation power. The supercritical fluid acts as a self-regulating extraction medium that selectively removes unwanted components while preserving the extracellular matrix, reducing the need for additional complex processing steps
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method significantly increases the biocompatibility and yield of extracellular matrix, allowing for its use in tissue regeneration by effectively removing contaminants and preserving growth factors like IGF-1, collagen, and fibronectin, while inhibiting immune responses for allotransplantation.
Implementation Method 1
pressurizing a solvent to prepare a supercritical fluid; and introducing the supercritical fluid into the reactor to decellularize and delipidate the adipose tissue, and thereby extracting the extracellular matrix
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for extracting an extracellular matrix with a supercritical fluid, comprising (a) injecting an extracted adipose tissue into a reactor, (b) pressurizing a solvent to prepare a supercritical fluid, and (c) introducing the supercritical fluid into the reactor to decellularize and delipidate the adipose tissue, and thereby extracting an extracellular matrix.