Supported Metal Catalyst with Synergistic Sites
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional methods for fabricating site-isolated catalysts face challenges in achieving high metal loading and stability due to agglomeration of metal atoms at elevated temperatures, leading to suboptimal activity and selectivity in reactions like hydrogenation and dehydrogenation.
Innovation Solution
A supported metal catalyst with synergistic sites is developed using trinuclear transition metal-sulfur clusters, where metal cations with hydrogenation activity are introduced into cluster units, and large-pore Al2O3 is used as a support through temperature-controlled impregnation and atmosphere treatment to create Miso-Vs synergistic sites, enhancing dispersion and electronic structure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If metal atoms are dispersed at atomic level to achieve site isolation, then selectivity is improved, but activity decreases due to low coordination number and weak interactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines geometric site isolation (Miso) with electronic structure modulation (Vs) to create synergistic sites. The Miso provides controlled metal dispersion for selectivity, while the Vs modifies electronic structure to enhance activity, resolving the contradiction between site isolation and catalytic activity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite catalyst system with dual functionality: geometric isolation through Miso and electronic modulation through Vs. This composite approach allows simultaneous optimization of both selectivity and activity, overcoming the limitations of single-function catalyst designs.
2Productivity
If metal loading is increased to improve productivity, then activity increases, but stability decreases due to agglomeration at elevated temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments metal atoms into isolated sites (Miso) rather than allowing them to aggregate into particles. This segmentation prevents agglomeration even at elevated temperatures, maintaining stability while enabling higher metal loading through the synergistic effect of Miso-Vs sites.
Solution Approach 2:
The sulfur vacancies (Vs) act as intermediaries that mediate between metal atoms and the support. They prevent direct metal-metal aggregation by providing alternative anchoring points, thus maintaining stability at higher metal loadings while preserving catalytic activity.
3Manufacturing precision
If traditional fabrication strategies are used to prepare site-isolated catalysts, then manufacturing precision is achieved, but device complexity increases due to multiple steps and low metal loading requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs preliminary action by pre-forming the Miso-Vs synergistic sites during the catalyst preparation process. This allows subsequent catalytic reactions to proceed more efficiently, reducing the need for complex post-treatment steps and simplifying the overall fabrication process while maintaining high site isolation precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst exhibits high conversion and selectivity in selective hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and dechlorination reactions, with improved stability and ease of recycling, while maintaining geometric site isolation and controllable electronic structure.
Implementation Method 1
the vertex vacancies in cluster core ions can serve as the capture center to anchor the metal ions (Pd, Pt, Ni, Cu, Ga, etc.) with valence electron number less than 10 to form a complete cubane-like structure, which provides a new platform for the preparation of site-isolated supported metal catalysts
Implementation Method 2
large-pore Al2O3 is used as the support to coordinately load by the temperature-controlled impregnation strategy
Implementation Method 3
the initial adsorption/binding of a metal precursor with a support
Implementation Method 4
the treating atmosphere is utilized to induce the formation of sulfur vacancies and promot the change of electronic structure of active M species
Implementation Method 5
liquid phase reduction and atmosphere treatment at room temperature to obtain supported X3MSx/Al2O3 catalyst with Miso-Vs synergistic sites
Implementation Method 6
The catalyst is mainly used in selective hydrogenation of C═O bond, hydrodechlorination of C—Cl bond and dehydrogenation of C—H bond
Implementation Method 7
The catalyst is mainly used in selective hydrogenation of C═O bond, hydrodechlorination of C—Cl bond and dehydrogenation of C—H bond
Implementation Method 8
The catalyst is mainly used in selective hydrogenation of C═O bond, hydrodechlorination of C—Cl bond and dehydrogenation of C—H bond
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a supported metal catalyst with synergistic sites, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The preparation method of this catalyst is to utilize the unsaturated cubane-like structure, M cation with catalytic activity is introduced into the cluster core unit. By using the vertex vacancy as the capturing center, and adjusting the impregnation temperature to maximize the loading of the cluster precursor, as well as depending on the electrostatic adsorption of the support and the confinement of the cluster structural unit, the number of S vacancies and the distance between S vacancies and Miso sites are effectively controlled through liquid phase reduction and atmosphere treatment at room temperature to obtain supported X3MSx/Al2O3 catalyst with Miso-Vs synergistic sites. The method of the present invention achieves the joint enhancement of the activity, product selectivity, and stability of unsaturated carbon oxygen bond selective hydrogenation, carbon chlorine bond selective hydrogenation dechlorination, and carbon hydrogen bond dehydrogenation reactions. This catalyst is mainly used in various catalytic reaction processes in the fields of petrochemical, fine chemical, environmental chemical, and other fields. It has outstanding catalytic performance, excellent activity, selectivity, and good recyclability, and is easy to recover and reuse.