Surface-Coupled Optical Arrays for Polarization-Independent Transceivers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current optical transceivers require complex integration and packaging of multiple optical devices, leading to increased development and production costs, as well as polarization-dependent performance issues.

Innovation Solution

The use of surface-coupled optical devices (SCODs) manufactured on a single planar substrate, which can be post-processed to have different partially transparent front mirrors for customized optical functions, allowing subsets of devices to operate as lasers, optical modulators, amplifiers, and photodetectors, thereby simplifying system design and integration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If multiple optical devices are integrated and packaged separately, then each device can be optimized for its specific function, but the system complexity and production costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice optimizationVSAvoidintegration and packaging complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple optical devices (laser, modulator, amplifier, photodetector) onto a single planar substrate to form an integrated array. This combining approach maintains the functional optimization of each device while eliminating the need for separate packaging and integration processes, thereby reducing system complexity and production costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The planar substrate serves as a universal platform that can accommodate multiple types of optical devices with different functions. The substrate provides a common foundation for lasers, modulators, amplifiers, and photodetectors, enabling a single platform to perform multiple optical functions that would traditionally require separate devices and packaging.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If traditional integration methods are used for multiple optical devices, then each device can operate independently, but development and production costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice independenceVSAvoidproduction cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple independent optical devices are merged onto a single planar substrate using standardized fabrication processes. This approach maintains the functional independence of each device (laser, modulator, amplifier, photodetector) while achieving economies of scale in manufacturing, thereby reducing development and production costs compared to separate device fabrication and assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of operation

If conventional optical devices are used, then standard optical functions can be achieved, but polarization-dependent performance issues occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical function performanceVSAvoidpolarization independence
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements polarization-independent design at the local level within each optical device on the planar substrate. By designing each device (laser, modulator, amplifier, photodetector) with polarization-independent characteristics and arranging them in an integrated array, the system achieves reliable performance across different polarization states, eliminating the polarization-dependent issues associated with conventional optical devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach streamlines system design, reduces production costs, and provides polarization-independent performance, enhancing the handling of polarization-division-multiplexed signals by enabling a single substrate to house multiple optical functions.

Implementation Method 1

surface-coupled optical devices (SCODs) manufactured on a single planar substrate, which can be post-processed to have different partially transparent front mirrors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3557706B1Communication system employing surface-coupled optical devices
Publication Date: 2024.12.04 NOKIA SOLUTIONS & NETWORKS OY
  • EP3557706B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3557706B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2C
  • EP3557706B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Optical transmitters, receivers, and transceivers implemented using a plurality of surface-coupled optical devices that can be manufactured on the same planar substrate and then post-processed to provide some of the devices with different respective partially transparent front mirrors compatible with and/or customized for different respective optical functions. When appropriately electrically biased and driven, different subsets of such devices can operate as lasers, optical modulators, optical amplifiers, and photodetectors, respectively. In this manner, an integrated array of such devices can be customized to provide the optical functions needed for the intended product. For example, an optical transmitter can be constructed using an integrated array that comprises three surface-coupled optical devices configured to operate as a laser, an optical modulator, and an optical amplifier, respectively. An optical receiver can be constructed using an integrated array that comprises two surface-coupled optical devices configured to operate as an optical amplifier and a photodetector, respectively.