Surface Modified Biological Materials for Infection Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biological materials used for implantation or grafting face challenges such as infection, unpredictable bioactive agent elution rates, and high costs due to the need for high concentrations of pharmacological agents, which can lead to undesirable side effects and instability post-implantation.
Innovation Solution
The modification of biological materials by binding transition metal atoms from Group IVB, VB, and VIB with inorganic or organic phosphates/phosphonates, followed by oxygen plasma treatment to create activated surfaces for conjugation with pharmacological agents, such as antimicrobial agents, to enhance stability and reduce infection risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If pharmacological agents are soaked into biological material at high concentrations for local efficacy, then infection prevention and inflammatory response reduction are improved, but diffusion into the patient causes undesirable side effects and the cost of the implantation procedure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a surface-modified layer with distinct chemical properties (transition metal atoms, phosphates, phosphonates) that differentiates the implant surface from the bulk material. This localized modification confines the pharmacological agent primarily to the surface region, enabling high local concentration for infection prevention while minimizing systemic diffusion and associated side effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the biological material surface by introducing transition metal atoms (Groups IVB, VB, VIB) and their derivatives (phosphates, phosphonates). These parameter changes create new surface properties that enable controlled drug loading and release, improving local efficacy while reducing unwanted diffusion into the patient.
2Reliability
If pharmacological agents are soaked into biological material, then local efficacy is improved, but the rapid elution rate into the implant site and patient makes dosage control impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-modifying the biological material surface with transition metal atoms and their derivatives before implantation. This pre-prepared surface structure creates controlled binding sites that regulate the release kinetics of pharmacological agents, enabling sustained local efficacy while maintaining stable concentration levels and preventing rapid elution.
3Reliability
If the surface chemistry of biological material is altered by soaking in pharmacological solution, then infection prevention is improved, but the total dosage required increases due to diffusion loss
Solution Approach 1:
By creating a localized surface modification layer with transition metal atoms and phosphates/phosphonates, the patent concentrates the pharmacological agent where it is most needed (at the implant surface). This reduces the total dosage required compared to bulk soaking, as the agent is retained at the effective site rather than diffusing away into the surrounding tissue and systemic circulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach creates a stable and effective delivery system for bioactive agents, reducing infection incidence and maintaining agent concentration within the implant site, thereby improving the integrity and efficacy of the biological materials post-implantation.
Implementation Method 1
The biological material can be, e.g., collagen, tissue, or bone. In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to a composition comprising acellular tissue; transition metal atoms selected from the group consisting of Group IVB, Group VB, Group VIB of the Periodic Chart and a combination thereof, bound to a surface of the biological material. In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to a composition comprising acellular tissue; transition metal atoms selected from the group consisting of Group IVB, Group VB, Group VIB of the Periodic Chart and a combination thereof, bound to a surface of the biological material. In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to a composition comprising biological material that is optionally activated by oxygen plasma prior to contact with the transition metal atoms.
Implementation Method 2
transition metal atoms selected from the group consisting of Group IVB, Group VB, Group VIB of the Periodic Chart and a combination thereof, bound to a surface of the biological material
Implementation Method 3
In certain embodiments, the invention further comprises an inorganic phosphate or an organic phosphinate or phosphonate, such as 11-hydroxyundecyl-phosphonic acid, bound to the transition metal atoms.
Implementation Method 4
In further embodiments, a ligand is further covalently bound to the inorganic phosphate or an organic phosphinate or phosphonate.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed in certain embodiments is a composition comprising a biological material and transition metal atoms selected from the group consisting of Group IVB, Group VB, Group VIB of the Periodic Chart and a combination thereof, bound to a surface of the biological material.