Surface-Tension Liquid Rails for Micromechanical Component Transport

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for transporting micromechanical components face challenges with handling components smaller than 100 pm, require long operation times for large numbers, and struggle with non-planar substrates, while microfluidic transport lacks orientation alignment and is confined to closed channels.

Innovation Solution

A system using a substrate with a strip-shaped layer and a liquid or meltable transport substance forms a rail for micromechanical components, guided by surface tension and driven by a driving force, allowing precise, reliable, and programmable transport on both planar and non-planar surfaces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If robotic pick-and-place is used to transport micromechanical components, then components can be moved from point A to point B, but handling components smaller than 100 μm becomes difficult and operation time increases for large numbers of components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent handling precisionVSAvoidtransport speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a liquid stream (hydraulic principle) to transport micromechanical components. The liquid stream carries multiple components simultaneously through a transport channel, enabling high-speed transport while maintaining precise control over component placement. This eliminates the need for mechanical robotic arms and achieves both high precision and high productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple transport functions into a single liquid stream system. Instead of separate robotic arms for each component, one liquid stream can transport multiple components in parallel, achieving mass transport while maintaining individual component precision through controlled injection and stream dynamics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Reliability

If microfluidic channels with sidewalls are used to transport components, then transport is contained, but component movement becomes random in position and orientation and alignment cannot be enforced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransport controlVSAvoidcomponent orientation alignment
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the sidewall confinement from the transport system, using an open liquid stream instead of enclosed channels. This allows components to be carried in a controlled stream without random movement, as the liquid stream itself provides the confinement and control mechanism, enabling both reliability and precise orientation alignment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality control through targeted liquid stream injection and specific channel geometries at critical points. The liquid stream properties (velocity, pressure, cross-section) are locally adjusted to enforce component alignment and orientation at specific locations while maintaining overall transport control, achieving both reliability and precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Measurement precision

If robotic pick-and-place is used for component transport, then individual components can be positioned, but the system cannot work effectively with non-planar substrates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent positioning accuracyVSAvoidsubstrate type compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid stream transport system can adapt to non-planar substrates by following the substrate contour. The liquid stream naturally conforms to the substrate surface geometry, allowing precise component placement on curved or three-dimensional surfaces, thereby achieving both positioning accuracy and substrate versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

4Measurement precision

If serial operation is used to transport large numbers of components, then each component receives individual attention, but operation time becomes excessively long

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent transport precisionVSAvoidtransport time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple component transport operations into a single parallel liquid stream system. Multiple components are injected into the liquid stream simultaneously and transported together, maintaining individual component control through injection timing and stream dynamics, thereby achieving both precision and high-speed mass transport.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The liquid stream provides continuous transport action, with components being continuously injected and carried along the stream. This eliminates the start-stop nature of serial robotic operations, maintaining continuous useful action for both precision control and high-speed transport of large numbers of components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Data Source

PatentEP4631909A1Arrangement and method for transporting micromechanical components
Publication Date: 2025.10.15 TECH UNIV ILMENAU
  • EP4631909A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4631909A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4631909A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The present invention concerns an arrangement for transportation of micromechanical components (01). The arrangement comprises a substrate (02) that extends on a route of transport. The arrangement further comprises at least one strip-shaped layer (03) on the substrate (02) defining the extent of a rail on the route of transport. The layer (03) consists of a solid material. The arrangement further comprises a liquid or meltable transport substance (04) on the strip-shaped layer (03). The transport substance (04) forms a rail. An interfacial tension between the transport substance (04) and the solid material of the strip-shaped layer (03) is smaller than an interfacial tension between the transport substance (04) and the substrate (02). The arrangement comprises at least one means (06) for applying a driving force to a micromechanical component (01) that floats on the transport substance (04). Furthermore, the present invention concerns a method for transporting micromechanical components (01) .