Amphoteric Surfactant Bilirubin Interference Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Bilirubin interferes with the measurement of components in biological specimens by reacting with hydrogen peroxide and oxidative-coloring chromogens in the presence of peroxidase, leading to inaccurate results in clinical tests.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a fatty acid or its salt into the measuring method, which suppresses the influence of bilirubin by coexisting with hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase during the enzymatic reaction, allowing for accurate determination of components like cholesterol in low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in biological specimens.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If colorimetric analysis is used to measure hydrogen peroxide formed by oxidase reaction, then the component to be measured can be determined, but bilirubin interferes with the reaction and reduces measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an amphoteric surfactant as an intermediary substance that selectively interacts with bilirubin to form a complex, preventing bilirubin from interfering with the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chromogen reaction. The surfactant acts as a mediator that binds the interfering substance without affecting the measurement reaction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of bilirubin into a beneficial outcome by using the surfactant-bilirubin complex formation. The bilirubin that would normally interfere with the reaction is instead utilized to form a stable complex with the surfactant, which can be measured or removed, thereby eliminating its interference while maintaining the measurement system's functionality
2Measurement precision
If ferrocyanide ion or EDTA-iron complex is used to suppress bilirubin influence, then measurement accuracy improves, but the device complexity and reagent composition become more complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the reaction system by introducing an amphoteric surfactant with specific molecular structure and surface activity properties. This parameter change allows for simpler reagent composition compared to metal ion complexes, as the surfactant works through physical-chemical surface interactions rather than complex coordination chemistry
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite system consisting of the amphoteric surfactant molecule that combines hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allowing it to interact with both bilirubin and the aqueous reaction medium. This composite molecular structure provides multiple functions in a single reagent component
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively reduces the interference of bilirubin, enabling precise measurement of components in biological specimens by stabilizing the reaction and improving the accuracy of clinical tests.
Implementation Method 1
converting the component to be measured in a specimen to hydrogen peroxide through an enzymatic reaction
Implementation Method 2
reacting the formed hydrogen peroxide with an oxidative-coloring chromogen in the presence of a peroxidase to form a dye
Implementation Method 3
a fatty acid or a salt thereof coexists
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a measuring method of a component to be measured in a specimen while suppressing an influence of bilirubin. A measuring method of a component to be measured, comprising converting the component to be measured in the specimen to hydrogen peroxide through an enzymatic reaction, reacting the formed hydrogen peroxide with an oxidative-coloring chromogen in the presence of a peroxidase, and measuring an absorbance of the colored reaction solution to thereby determine the component to be measured, wherein a fatty acid or a salt thereof coexists. The measuring method of a component to be measured in a specimen according to the present invention is useful in clinical diagnosis.