Surge Absorber With Polarity-Reversed Inductor for Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surge absorbers, such as those with varistors and inductors, face challenges in achieving impedance matching for high-speed signals, leading to signal deterioration and noise issues when integrated into high-speed signal circuits, particularly in applications like HDMI, due to stray capacitance and inductance components.
Innovation Solution
A surge absorber design featuring a polarity-reversed coupling of internal conductors in the inductor portion, combined with a resistor portion having a DC resistance component, and a surge absorbing portion with varistors, which cancels out stray capacitance and provides enhanced impedance matching across a wide frequency band, preventing electrostatic pulses from reaching protected elements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the stray capacitance component of the surge absorber is kept small, then the deterioration of high-speed signals is reduced, but the control voltage of the surge absorber increases and energy resistance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The surge absorber is divided into multiple varistor elements with different capacitance values arranged in parallel. This segmentation allows the circuit to present a low capacitance profile to high-speed signals while maintaining high energy absorption capability through the combined effect of multiple elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the capacitance parameter distribution by using varistors with different capacitance values in parallel. This parameter variation enables the surge absorber to achieve low effective capacitance for signal integrity while maintaining high energy resistance for ESD protection.
2Use of energy by moving object
If a surge absorber with inductor and two varistors is used to alleviate stray capacitance influence, then the energy resistance improves, but impedance matching over a wide band becomes difficult and high-speed signal characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the inductor component from the conventional surge absorber design. By extracting the inductor, the design eliminates the band-pass filter effect that caused impedance matching difficulties, while maintaining ESD protection through parallel varistor configurations.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using series connections of varistors with inductors as in conventional designs, the patent inverts the approach by using parallel connections of multiple varistors with different capacitance values, fundamentally changing the circuit topology to achieve both low capacitance and high energy resistance.
3Reliability
If multiple separate components are used to achieve impedance matching and ESD protection, then the protection level improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple varistor elements with different capacitance values are merged into a single integrated surge absorber device. This combining achieves both impedance matching for high-speed signals and high-level ESD protection while maintaining a simple single-component form factor that simplifies circuit design and assembly.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves effective impedance matching for high-speed signals, enhances ESD protection, and simplifies the configuration by integrating resistance and capacitance components within the absorber, reducing the need for separate components and minimizing signal attenuation and noise.
Implementation Method 1
an inductor portion (10) having a first internal conductor (11) and a second internal conductor (13) mutually coupled in a polarity-reversed relation
Implementation Method 2
a surge absorbing portion (20) having a first internal electrode (21, 23) connected to the other end of the first internal conductor (11) and to the other end of the second internal conductor (13)
Data Source
AI summary
A surge absorber has a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, a third terminal electrode, an inductor portion, a surge absorbing portion, and a resistor portion. The inductor portion has a first internal conductor and a second internal conductor mutually coupled in a polarity-reversed relation. One end of the first internal conductor is connected to the first terminal electrode. One end of the second internal conductor is connected to the second terminal electrode. The other end of the first internal conductor is connected to the other end of the second internal conductor. The surge absorbing portion has a first internal electrode and a second internal electrode. The first internal electrode is connected to the other end of the first internal conductor and to the other end of the second internal conductor. The second internal electrode is connected to the third terminal electrode. The resistor portion has a DC resistance component connected between the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode.