Surge Absorption Element With Positive Magnetic Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional surge absorption elements, such as those using varistors and inductors, face challenges in achieving effective impedance matching for high-speed signals, leading to signal degradation and reflection, while also requiring miniaturization and reduced stray capacitance to accommodate high-speed circuits.
Innovation Solution
A surge absorption element comprising an inductor section with coils and surge absorption sections using semiconductor ceramic layers, where opposite-phase signals induce a positive magnetically coupled state, allowing for reduced induction coefficients and miniaturization, and capacitors are used to adjust coupling coefficients and cancel stray capacitance effects, ensuring impedance matching across a wide frequency bandwidth.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the stray capacitance component of a surge absorption element is made small to apply it to high-speed signal circuits, then the element can be used in high-speed circuits, but the rise in control voltage and energy resistance must be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The surge absorption element is divided into multiple sections: a first surge absorption section with first and second varistors, a second surge absorption section with third and fourth varistors, and an inductor section with first and second inductors. This segmentation allows each section to contribute differently to the overall performance, enabling small stray capacitance for high-speed signal compatibility while maintaining adequate control voltage rise and energy resistance through the combined effect of multiple varistor-inductor pairs.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a bandpass filter is constituted by the stray capacitance of a first varistor and an inductor, then surge absorption is achieved, but impedance matching is difficult to achieve over a wide bandwidth
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the circuit configuration from a simple bandpass filter to a more complex network with multiple varistors and inductors. By adjusting the parameters (capacitance and inductance values) of multiple components working in parallel and series combinations, the element achieves both effective surge absorption and wide bandwidth impedance matching. The multiple varistor-inductor pairs provide adjustable parameters to optimize both surge protection and high-speed signal transmission characteristics.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional surge absorption elements are used, then surge protection is provided, but signal degradation and reflection occur due to poor impedance matching for high-speed signals
Solution Approach 1:
The surge absorption element employs a composite structure combining multiple varistor materials and inductor components with different electrical characteristics. The first and second varistors, along with the first and second inductors, form a composite network that simultaneously provides surge protection and maintains proper impedance matching for high-speed signals. This composite approach allows the element to protect against surges while minimizing signal degradation and reflection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables superior impedance matching for high-speed signals, suppressing reflections and allowing for miniaturization of the surge absorption element, while maintaining effective surge protection and signal transmission.
Implementation Method 1
the first, second, third, and fourth coils are afforded a positive magnetically coupled state with respect to one another
Data Source
AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a small surge absorption element that exhibits superior impedance matching even for high-speed signals and a surge absorption circuit. The surge absorption element comprises first and second inductor sections and first and second surge absorption sections. The first inductor section comprises first and second coils and the second inductor section comprises third and fourth coils. By suitably setting the coupling coefficients between the respective coils and the induction coefficients of the first to fourth coils, image impedance with an even frequency characteristic can be implemented over a wide area. Further, because the first to fourth coils have a positive magnetically coupled state with respect to one another, the induction coefficients of the first to fourth coils can be reduced in comparison with a case where the first to fourth coils are not afforded a positive magnetically coupled state.