Surge Current Suppression Circuit Structure for Hot Swap Reliability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional technologies fail to effectively suppress surge current in hot swapping devices, leading to overcurrent protection misoperations and voltage vibrations, which compromise system reliability and device life.
Innovation Solution
A circuit structure comprising a surge current suppression judgment circuit, a switching control circuit, and a self-boosting regulating circuit, utilizing operational amplifiers, field effect transistors, and capacitors to manage and control surge currents by adjusting the conductive impedance and voltage levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fuse or hot swapping control chip is used to protect the hot swapping circuit, then the current size protection is improved, but the surge current cannot be controlled and the problem of hot swapping surge current cannot be fundamentally solved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by detecting the output voltage before surge current causes harm and pre-adjusting the switching state of the field effect transistor. The judgment circuit monitors voltage and activates the switching control circuit in advance to limit current, preventing surge current generation at its source rather than reacting after the surge occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring the output voltage through the judgment circuit and using this feedback signal to control the switching state of the field effect transistor via the switching control circuit. This closed-loop feedback mechanism dynamically adjusts the circuit resistance based on real-time voltage conditions, effectively suppressing surge current while maintaining normal operation.
2Device complexity
If conventional protection devices are used, then the circuit structure remains simple, but the surge current causes overcurrent protection misoperation and voltage vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary field effect transistor between the power supply and the load, controlled by the switching control circuit. This intermediary device acts as a variable resistor that dynamically adjusts circuit resistance based on voltage feedback, suppressing surge current and stabilizing voltage without requiring complex protection circuits, thus maintaining simplicity while improving reliability.
3Device complexity
If the field effect transistor is always in full conduction state, then the circuit is simple, but the output voltage cannot be stabilized and surge current occurs during startup
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning the field effect transistor from a static full-conduction state to a dynamic state where its conduction level is continuously adjusted. The switching control circuit modifies the gate-source voltage based on feedback from the judgment circuit, enabling the transistor to operate in different conduction states (linear or saturation) to suppress startup surge current while stabilizing output voltage during normal operation.
4Speed
If the voltage rises quickly during startup, then the power supply response is fast, but the surge current causes misoperation of overcurrent protection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using the judgment circuit to detect voltage conditions before surge current causes misoperation. When voltage rises quickly during startup, the judgment circuit triggers the switching control circuit to limit current flow through the field effect transistor, counteracting the surge current effect before it can trigger false overcurrent protection, thus allowing fast voltage rise without misoperation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The circuit structure effectively suppresses surge currents, ensuring reliable operation by maintaining voltage within a controlled range, thereby enhancing system reliability and extending device life.
Implementation Method 1
R1 and R2 set a control voltage range of the circuit, which may be compared with a voltage of the output end Vout through the operational amplifier M1
Implementation Method 2
A gate voltage of Q1 may be guaranteed to be a voltage of a variable resistance zone by voltage division of R3 and R4. When the surge current suppression judgment circuit outputs a high voltage, Q2 is turned on and Q3 is turned off, such that Q1 is in the variable resistance zone
Implementation Method 3
The self-boosting regulating circuit includes a capacitor C1 and a diode D1
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a circuit structure for suppressing surge current, which includes a surge current suppression judgment circuit, a switching control circuit and a self-boosting regulating circuit. An output end of the surge current suppression judgment circuit is connected with the switching control circuit. An output end of the switching control circuit is connected with the self-boosting regulating circuit. The switching control circuit and the self-boosting regulating circuit are both connected with a current input end Vin. An output end of the self-boosting regulating circuit is connected with an input end of the surge current suppression judgment circuit. The output end of the self-boosting regulating circuit is an output end Vout of the whole circuit structure for suppressing surge current.