Surge Tank Bottom Surface Geometry for Engine Water Hammer Prevention

The patent connects the upstream passage to a specific local position on the surge tank bottom surface that is optimized for each engine layout. This local connection point is positioned to balance two requirements: it is close enough to the outer cylinders to maintain short channel lengths for adequate gas flow, yet positioned to utilize gravity for condensed water drainage. The local quality of the connection position is tailored to the specific engine configuration rather than using a universal central connection point.

The patent positions the upstream passage connection point on the bottom surface of the surge tank such that condensed water can flow to all cylinders with approximately equal ease. By placing the connection on the bottom surface rather than at the center, the system creates an equipotential condition for water drainage - gravity provides equal driving force for water to reach any cylinder regardless of position. This eliminates the need for outer cylinders to have longer channel lengths, maintaining both gas flow performance and water guidance reliability.

The patent changes the dimensional approach by positioning the upstream passage connection on the bottom surface of the surge tank rather than at the center in the cylinder array direction. This dimensional repositioning allows condensed water to accumulate on the bottom surface for reliable drainage while simultaneously maintaining short channel lengths to outer cylinders. The connection point is located at the intersection of the bottom surface and the vertical direction, creating a three-dimensional optimization that resolves the conflict between water accumulation and channel length.