Surgical Position Calibration Using Geometric Pattern Plate
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical position calibration methods for augmented and mixed reality in computer-assisted surgery are inefficient, requiring complex steps and prolonged processes to establish accurate spatial relationships between surgical instruments and patient sites.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a calibration plate with geometric patterns under a C-ARM machine, generating 2D and 3D image maps, and using a translation matrix formula to create a spatial variation image for precise alignment of surgical instruments with surgical sites, combined with image overlay software for real-time guidance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional surgical position calibration methods are used, then accurate spatial relationships can be established, but the process takes prolonged time and requires complex steps
Solution Approach 1:
The calibration plate with pre-defined geometric patterns is prepared in advance, allowing the calibration process to start immediately without requiring complex real-time calculations or multiple reference points to be established during the procedure
Solution Approach 2:
A calibration plate serving as an intermediary object is introduced between the C-ARM machine and the surgical site. This plate contains geometric patterns that facilitate rapid and accurate establishment of spatial relationships without requiring direct complex interactions between imaging equipment and surgical instruments
2Measurement precision
If traditional calibration methods with multiple marks and references are used, then positioning accuracy is maintained, but the device complexity and operation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The calibration system is segmented into a standardized calibration plate with geometric patterns that can be independently used with different C-ARM machines and surgical instruments. This segmentation allows the complex calibration task to be broken down into simple, repeatable steps
Solution Approach 2:
The calibration method changes from using multiple physical marks and manual reference point establishment to using geometric patterns with defined mathematical properties. This parameter change enables automated detection and calculation, reducing both device complexity and operational difficulty
3Measurement precision
If extensive C-ARM imaging is performed for calibration, then accurate 3D spatial mapping is achieved, but X-ray radiation exposure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The calibration plate is imaged and processed in advance to create the 3D spatial map before the actual surgical procedure begins. This preliminary action reduces the need for repeated C-ARM imaging during surgery, thereby minimizing radiation exposure to both patients and surgical staff
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of performing comprehensive imaging of the entire surgical site multiple times, the method uses partial imaging focused on the calibration plate with geometric patterns. This partial action provides sufficient data for accurate 3D mapping while significantly reducing the total radiation dose
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method significantly reduces operation time, minimizes X-ray radiation exposure, and enhances the accuracy of surgical instrument positioning, facilitating more precise and efficient surgical procedures.
Implementation Method 1
placing a calibration plate under a C-ARM machine to take a plurality of C-ARM images
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical position calibration method for getting the augmented and mixed reality of a surgical instrument includes the following steps: placing a calibration plate under a C-ARM to take C-ARM images, with the calibration plate provided with geometric patterns; inputting the C-ARM images into a computer to make 2D image maps; finding the center point of each geometric pattern on the calibration plate; defining a first reference calibration point; finding the distance between the center point of each other geometric pattern and the first reference calibration point to set up a translation matrix formula to form a 3D space image map; placing a surgical instrument at any position above the calibration plate; using the translation matrix formula generating a spatial variation image for the displacement of the surgical instrument; and forming a new spatial variation image.