Surgical Impaction Extraction Device for Tibial Broach Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical instruments lack an efficient method for impacting and extracting cutting instruments, such as tibial broaches, from the tibia during orthopedic procedures, which can lead to complications like toggling and interference with support structures.
Innovation Solution
A surgical instrument featuring a housing with a central shaft that is moveable within a longitudinal cannula, an extraction lever with a curved impaction surface, and a ball detent mechanism, allowing for controlled impaction and extraction of cutting instruments, including a tibial broach, while minimizing toggling and ensuring securement to a support structure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a central shaft is made movable within a longitudinal cannula, then the ability to impact and extract cutting instruments is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the impaction and extraction functions into a single integrated device. The central shaft serves dual purposes: it can be impacted into the bone to deliver a cutting instrument, and then extracted to retrieve the cutting instrument while maintaining the shaped cavity. This merging of functions resolves the contradiction by achieving versatility without proportionally increasing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The central shaft is designed as a multi-functional component that can perform both impaction and extraction operations. By making the shaft movable within the cannula, it can be advanced to impact the cutting instrument into the bone, then withdrawn to extract the instrument. This universal design allows one component to serve multiple surgical purposes.
2Ease of operation
If an extraction lever with curved impaction surface is used, then user comfort and control are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The extraction lever incorporates a curved impaction surface that conforms to the ergonomic requirements of the surgeon's hand and the natural motion of mallet strikes. The curvature allows for comfortable gripping and controlled application of force during both impaction and extraction phases. This geometric optimization improves ease of operation while adding minimal structural complexity.
3Reliability
If a ball detent mechanism is implemented, then securement to support structure is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ball detent mechanism is designed to automatically engage and disengage based on the position of the central shaft. When the shaft is advanced, the ball detent secures it in the impacted position; when the shaft is withdrawn, the ball detent automatically releases. This self-actuating mechanism provides reliable securement without requiring additional controls or increasing operational complexity.
4Adaptability or versatility
If the central shaft is made reciprocable within the housing, then the cutting instrument can be impacted and extracted, but the risk of toggling increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cannula is pre-formed with a specific geometry that guides and constrains the central shaft during reciprocation. The cannula's internal surface is shaped to prevent lateral movement or toggling of the shaft while allowing smooth axial motion. This preliminary structural preparation ensures stable operation during both impaction and extraction phases.
Solution Approach 2:
The cannula acts as an intermediary structure between the housing and the central shaft. It provides a controlled pathway that mediates the motion of the shaft, allowing reciprocation while preventing unwanted lateral movements or toggling. The cannula's geometry serves as a mechanical guide that stabilizes the shaft's motion throughout the impaction and extraction cycle.
Data Source
AI summary
Orthopedic procedures can involve tools or other instruments that assist a surgeon. The surgical instrument including a cutting instrument configured to shape bone, including an impaction/extraction device, is disclosed. Methods of shaping a bone including the surgical instrument with the cutting instrument including an impaction/extract device are disclosed.