Surgical Instrument Asymmetric Cutting Elements Acetabulum Preparation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical instruments used to prepare the acetabulum for hip joint anchoring often result in an out-of-round preparation due to misalignment of the instrument's axis of rotation with the acetabulum's axis, leading to inefficient bone material removal and potential tilting during processing.
Innovation Solution
A surgical instrument with multiple proximal cutting elements, where the cutting edges are unevenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the axis of rotation, allowing for better bone material removal and prevention of instrument tilting, and featuring a base body designed as a hollow body for cost-effectiveness and ease of manufacturing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the instrument axis of rotation is misaligned with the acetabulum axis, then the instrument can be inserted through a small incision, but the preparation becomes out-of-round and inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting elements are arranged asymmetrically on the instrument surface, with different numbers and distributions of cutting elements in different radial directions. This asymmetric arrangement creates different cutting forces in different directions, allowing the instrument to self-correct alignment deviations and maintain accurate hemispherical preparation even when the rotation axis is not perfectly aligned with the acetabulum axis
Solution Approach 2:
The instrument changes the distribution parameters of cutting elements from uniform to non-uniform, creating directional differences in cutting capability. This parameter change allows the instrument to adapt to alignment variations and maintain preparation accuracy throughout the tumbling motion
2Productivity
If multiple cutting elements are added to improve bone removal efficiency, then productivity increases, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting elements are segmented and distributed at different positions on the instrument surface rather than concentrated in one location. This segmentation allows multiple cutting elements to work simultaneously on different portions of the acetabulum, increasing bone removal efficiency while maintaining a relatively simple overall instrument structure
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting elements are arranged in a two-dimensional distribution pattern on the instrument surface rather than a single linear row. This dimensional arrangement allows more cutting elements to be incorporated without significantly increasing the instrument's length or complexity, enabling parallel bone removal across multiple locations
3Ease of manufacture
If uniform cutting elements are used, then manufacturing is simplified, but the instrument tilts during processing
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting elements are arranged asymmetrically on the instrument surface, with different numbers and distributions of cutting elements in different radial directions. This asymmetric arrangement creates different cutting forces in different directions, allowing the instrument to self-correct alignment deviations and maintain accurate hemispherical preparation even when the rotation axis is not perfectly aligned with the acetabulum axis
Solution Approach 2:
The instrument changes the distribution parameters of cutting elements from uniform to non-uniform, creating directional differences in cutting capability. This parameter change allows the instrument to adapt to alignment variations and maintain preparation accuracy throughout the tumbling motion
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The instrument achieves a more precise and efficient preparation of the acetabulum, ensuring a hemispherical shape, reducing the risk of instrument tilting, and facilitating quicker bone removal with improved support during both axis-parallel and wobbling processing methods.
Implementation Method 1
at least one distal cutting element (36) with a cutting edge (38) for removing bone material
Implementation Method 2
which can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation (28)... when the instrument (10; 100) rotates about the axis of rotation (28)
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a surgical instrument (10; 100) for producing a hemispherical recess (12) in a bone (14), which can be driven by rotation about an axis of rotation (28) and comprises at least one distal cutting element (36) with a cutting edge (38) for removing bone material, wherein the cutting edge (38) defines a processing sphere (B) with a distal hemisphere, an equator and a proximal hemisphere that can be inserted into the recess (12) when the instrument (10; 100) rotates about the axis of rotation (28).To further develop such an instrument so that it enables better preparation of the recess in the bone, the invention proposes that the instrument (10; 100) comprises at least one proximal cutting element (46, 48, 50; 146, 148, 150) with a cutting edge (38) extending proximal from the equatorial plane (A) of the working sphere (B) or substantially from the equatorial plane (A). The invention also relates to a set of surgical instruments.