Surgical Instrument for Precise Bone Resection Plane Location
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current joint replacement procedures, especially for shoulder joints, require large incisions that cause tissue damage and prolonged recovery times, as visual access to key features is restricted, necessitating the use of instruments to locate resection planes accurately.
Innovation Solution
A surgical instrument featuring a cutting guide with a reference block and adjustable arms that can be positioned relative to the lateral edge and superior face of a long bone, allowing precise location of the resection plane without visual inspection, facilitating smaller incisions and minimizing soft tissue damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If a large incision is made to enable visual inspection of the humeral head, then visual access to tissue components is improved, but soft tissue damage increases and recovery time is prolonged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary instrument (the locating instrument with reference block and arms) that mediates between the surgeon's need to locate tissue components and the requirement to minimize incision size. The instrument acts as a mediator that provides mechanical reference rather than visual inspection, allowing small incisions while still enabling accurate localization of the resection plane through tactile and mechanical means rather than direct visual observation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the visual inspection mechanism with a mechanical reference system. Instead of relying on visual observation through a large incision, the instrument uses mechanically defined reference blocks and arms that establish precise spatial relationships with bone landmarks, substituting optical access with mechanical reference to achieve accurate localization through smaller incisions
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a small incision is made to reduce soft tissue damage, then soft tissue damage is minimized, but visual access to tissue components is restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The instrument serves as an intermediary that bridges the gap between limited visual access and the need for accurate tissue component localization. By introducing mechanical reference elements (reference block positioned against the lateral edge, arms extending to contact superior surface and medial edge), the instrument enables precise localization without requiring visual inspection through a large incision
Solution Approach 2:
The instrument creates a mechanical copy or representation of the spatial relationships between anatomical landmarks. The reference block and arms replicate the geometric relationships between the lateral edge, superior surface, and medial edge of the humeral head, allowing the surgeon to locate the resection plane through mechanical reference rather than direct visual observation of the actual anatomy
3Illumination intensity
If the anterior approach through deltopectoral tissue is used to access the joint, then visual inspection of the humeral head is enabled, but the subscapularis is at risk of rupture
Solution Approach 1:
The instrument acts as an intermediary that enables accurate resection plane localization through a supero-lateral approach without requiring the subscapularis to be released or damaged. The mechanical reference system provides the necessary spatial information through alternative access, eliminating the need to compromise the subscapularis tendon while still achieving precise骨cut localization
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by using a supero-lateral incision instead of an anterior deltopectoral approach. This reversal of the surgical approach, combined with the mechanical reference instrument, allows the surgeon to achieve accurate localization and resection without releasing the subscapularis, thereby eliminating the risk of postoperative rupture associated with the traditional approach
Data Source
AI summary
Instrument for locating the cutting plane on the head of a long bone in a surgical procedure in which the head of the bone is replaced with a joint prosthesis component, which includes an axial reference shaft which can be arranged parallel to the axis of the bone, a cutting guide which can be moved relative to the axial reference shaft, the cutting guide having a reference block for location against the bone relative to the edge of the bone at one side and at least one arm which is shaped so that it can extend from the cutting guide over the face of the head, in which the arm can be located positively with respect to features on the head so that the location of the reference block along the axis of the bone can be set with reference to features on the head of the bone which are contacted by means of the arm.