Dynamic Surgical Tool Locking Using Centrifugal Expansion Tabs
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-speed surgical instruments require cumbersome two-step processes for coupling and decoupling tools, such as drill bits, from handpieces, diverting surgeon attention from critical surgical tasks.
Innovation Solution
A dynamic locking mechanism using a movable locking member with flexible tabs that secures the tool to the handpiece through centrifugal force during rotation, eliminating the need for manual turning and collet-based locking systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a traditional collet-based locking system is used, then the tool can be securely locked to the handpiece, but the coupling and decoupling process requires multiple steps including turning the tool or collet
Solution Approach 1:
The locking member transitions from a static collet-based system to a dynamic system where the locking member rotates with the tool and uses centrifugal force during rotation to automatically engage the locked position. This dynamic mechanism eliminates the need for manual turning while maintaining secure locking.
Solution Approach 2:
The locking member automatically locks itself to the handpiece through centrifugal force generated during rotation, without requiring the surgeon to manually turn or operate any additional components. The system serves itself by using the rotational energy already present in the surgical instrument.
2Productivity
If a dynamic locking mechanism using centrifugal force is implemented, then the number of steps for coupling and decoupling is reduced, but the locking mechanism becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The locking function and the rotational motion are merged into a single integrated mechanism. The locking member is coupled to the tool such that rotation of the tool automatically drives the locking member to engage with the handpiece, combining the locking action with the natural rotational movement of the surgical instrument.
Solution Approach 2:
The locking mechanism utilizes changes in rotational speed and centrifugal force as key parameters. During rotation, the centrifugal force generated by the locking member's rotation causes it to expand or shift position, automatically engaging the locked state. This parameter-based approach allows the mechanism to respond dynamically to operational conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates quick and secure coupling and decoupling of tools by leveraging centrifugal force, reducing operational complexity and allowing tools to be easily locked and unlocked with simple axial movement, thereby improving surgical efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
The locking member is movable from an unlocked position to a locked position in response to centrifugal force generated during rotation of the locking member
Implementation Method 2
Upon rotation of the tool by the driver, the first flexible tab flexes outward from a longitudinal axis of the locking member from a retracted position to an expanded position to lock the tool to the handpiece
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical instrument including a tool, a handpiece, and a locking member. The handpiece includes both a coupling member configured to cooperate with the tool, and a driver for rotating the tool. The locking member is movable from an unlocked position to a locked position in response to centrifugal force generated during rotation of the locking member. The locking member is configured to secure the tool to the handpiece when in the locked position.