Surgical Positioning via 3D-2D Image Registration
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Solution Overview
Problem
In minimally invasive surgery, precise positioning of lesions is challenging due to reliance on preoperative 3D images and multiple X-ray images at different angles, which can be inconvenient and inaccurate, especially when body conditions change during surgery.
Innovation Solution
A surgical positioning system that uses an image-capturing device and X-ray machine to generate 3D and 2D images with marker points, aligning them to create a 3D surgical model of the patient's posture during surgery, allowing for precise lesion positioning without the need for multiple preoperative CT scans or X-ray images.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If preoperative positioning is performed using hook needles and injection of methylene blue markers, then the lesion position can be marked, but additional CT scans and multiple X-ray images at different angles are required, increasing procedure complexity and time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines preoperative CT scanning with intraoperative X-ray imaging by registering X-ray images to the preoperative 3D CT model. This merging eliminates the need for separate positioning procedures (hook needles, methylene blue injection) and reduces the number of additional imaging studies required, while maintaining accurate lesion localization through image registration technology.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a virtual copy of the preoperative 3D CT model and registers it with intraoperative 2D X-ray images. This copying approach allows the surgical team to visualize the 3D anatomical structure and lesion position without requiring physical markers or multiple angular X-ray shots, simplifying the overall positioning procedure.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple X-ray images at different angles are taken during operation to adjust scalpel angle, then 3D spatial information can be obtained, but the procedure becomes inconvenient and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms 2D intraoperative X-ray images into 3D spatial information by registering them with the preoperative 3D CT model. This dimensionality transformation allows surgeons to obtain comprehensive 3D spatial orientation and lesion positioning without manually acquiring multiple X-ray images at different angles, greatly simplifying the operational process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs the complex 3D model creation and registration process before the actual surgical cutting begins. By preliminarily establishing the registered 3D model that integrates preoperative CT data with intraoperative X-ray images, the system provides ready-to-use spatial guidance during surgery, eliminating the need for time-consuming angle adjustments during the critical cutting phase.
3Reliability
If body conditions change during surgery (e.g., non-inflated lungs), then preoperative 3D images become inaccurate, but repositioning requires additional imaging procedures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where intraoperative 2D X-ray images are continuously registered with the preoperative 3D CT model. This feedback loop allows the system to detect and compensate for body condition changes (such as lung inflation status) by comparing the actual intraoperative anatomy with the preoperative model, maintaining positioning accuracy without requiring complete repositioning procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a dynamic registration system that can adapt to changing body conditions during surgery. By continuously aligning intraoperative X-ray images with the 3D model and allowing for positional adjustments, the system maintains accurate lesion localization even when anatomical structures change due to lung inflation, patient positioning, or other surgical conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and efficient lesion positioning during surgery by aligning preoperative 3D models with real-time X-ray images, reducing the need for multiple X-ray images and ensuring precise scalpel placement without relying solely on preoperative imaging.
Implementation Method 1
The image-capturing device is configured to prescan the body of the user to generate a set of scanned images
Implementation Method 2
The X-ray machine is configured to photograph the body of the user at the beginning of operation preparation to generate a set of two-dimensional (2D) images
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical positioning system and a positioning method thereof arrange positioning elements on a user. An image-capturing device prescans the body of the user to generate a set of scanned images that include first marker points representing the positions of the positioning elements. A host creates a 3D model of the body with the set of scanned images. An X-ray machine scans the body of the user to generate a set of 2D images including second marker points representing the positions of the positioning elements during the operation of the user. The host aligns the second marker points to the first marker points to reconstruct the 3D model, thereby generating a 3D surgical model representing a posture of the user during surgery. The present invention can generate a 3D surgical model corresponding to the user's current posture during surgery to accurately locate the position of the lesion.