Surgical Reamer With Arcuate Cutting Ribs
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing bone cutting tools used in joint replacement surgeries face challenges in accurately creating a uniformly dimensioned acetabular cavity, often resulting in inaccuracy and increased preparation time due to slippage and uneven cutting.
Innovation Solution
A cutting tool with a cutting rib featuring an arcuate portion with a wavy outer sharp edge and a centralizer with radial slots, designed to maintain alignment and reduce slippage during the reaming process, ensuring a uniform and accurate cut.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a blunt reamer is used for cutting bone, then the reamer can be manufactured with simpler geometry, but the cutting accuracy and cavity uniformity deteriorate due to slippage and inability to maintain alignment
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting rib is formed with an arcuate portion that follows the hemispherical surface of the centralizer, creating a curved cutting path that naturally maintains alignment with the reamer axis. This spherical geometry ensures the cutting edge remains tangent to the desired cavity surface, eliminating slippage and producing a uniform hemispherical acetabular cavity.
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting rib incorporates a wavy profile with alternating peaks and valleys along its arcuate path. This asymmetric geometry creates varying cutting depths that generate engagement forces, preventing the reamer from slipping off-axis. The wavy pattern ensures continuous bone contact and maintains rotational stability throughout the reaming process.
2Device complexity
If a blunt reamer is used for cutting bone, then the tool design can be simplified, but the preparation time increases due to slippage and uneven cutting requiring correction
Solution Approach 1:
The arcuate cutting rib follows the hemispherical contour of the centralizer, creating a self-aligning geometry that prevents slippage. This curved design ensures the cutting edge remains properly positioned on the bone surface throughout rotation, eliminating the need for corrective maneuvers and reducing preparation time.
Solution Approach 2:
The wavy profile of the cutting rib creates controlled vibrations during rotation as it engages and disengages from the bone surface in a rhythmic pattern. These vibrations prevent the reamer from sticking or slipping, maintaining steady progress through the bone and reducing preparation time through more efficient material removal.
3Ease of manufacture
If a blunt reamer is used for cutting bone, then the tool can be manufactured with simpler geometry, but the cutting accuracy deteriorates resulting in incorrect cavity size affecting implant selection
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting rib is formed to follow the precise hemispherical surface of the centralizer, ensuring the cavity diameter matches the reamer size. This spherical geometry transfers the centralizer's accurate dimensions directly to the cut cavity, guaranteeing the acetabular cavity size accurately represents the desired implant size for proper implant selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The wavy profile creates varying cutting depths that generate engagement forces, preventing the reamer from slipping off-axis. This maintains consistent radial positioning throughout rotation, ensuring the cavity diameter remains uniform and accurate, which is critical for selecting the correct implant size.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure is directed to a reamer device for surgical procedures. The reamer device comprises a centralizer with a circular body and an exterior surface. The centralizer defines an interior cavity, wherein the centralizer comprises an apex region located at a distal region of the centralizer. The apex region defines an alignment protrusion comprising at least one alignment rib oriented adjacent to an alignment slot. The device further comprises a plurality of cutting ribs. Each cutting rib comprises an arcuate portion and protrudes from an exterior surface of the centralizer. The centralizer defines a slot adjacent to each cutting rib of the plurality of cutting ribs. The slot defines a conduit from the exterior surface of the centralizer to the interior cavity of the centralizer. The arcuate portion of the cutting rib is formed into a profile that follows the exterior surface of the centralizer.