Handheld Surgical Resection Device with Multi-Axis Actuation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current computer-assisted arthroplasty procedures are hindered by the large size and high cost of robotic systems, which also limit surgeon control and increase the complexity of surgical resection processes.
Innovation Solution
A handheld surgical resection device with multiple degrees of freedom, featuring a static housing, annular gear, flexible gasket, motor, and linear actuators, coupled with an optical tracking system to align and control a cutting tool or implant precisely, allowing for real-time adjustments and oscillation control based on preoperative plans.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If robotic or computer assisted arthroplasty systems are used to improve accuracy and repeatability of resection and implant placement, then manufacturing precision and reliability are improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The system is divided into a portable positioning device with multiple degrees of freedom and a separate control system. The positioning device includes independent rotational actuators for each degree of freedom, allowing the cutting tool to be precisely positioned without requiring a complex integrated robotic arm. This segmentation reduces overall system complexity while maintaining positioning accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
A portable positioning device acts as an intermediary between the surgeon's manual positioning and the computer-assisted control system. This intermediary device provides mechanical support and precise positioning capabilities without requiring a full robotic system, thereby reducing complexity while improving resection accuracy through computer-guided control.
2Manufacturing precision
If robotic systems are used to improve resection accuracy, then manufacturing precision is improved, but the cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a portable positioning device with simpler, less expensive actuators compared to traditional robotic systems. The device can be disposed of or replaced after a single use, eliminating the need for expensive, complex robotic arms while maintaining resection accuracy through computer-assisted positioning and control.
3Manufacturing precision
If robotic systems are used to improve implant placement accuracy, then manufacturing precision is improved, but surgeon control is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The positioning device allows dynamic adjustment of the cutting tool's position and orientation through multiple independent rotational actuators. The surgeon can manually position the device and then use computer-assisted control to make precise adjustments, combining surgeon intuition with computational precision. This dynamic control system maintains surgeon authority while improving placement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates computer-assisted feedback to guide the surgeon's positioning of the cutting tool. Sensors and control algorithms provide real-time feedback on the tool's position relative to the planned resection, allowing the surgeon to make informed adjustments while maintaining direct control over the surgical process.
4Device complexity
If traditional manual alignment methods are used, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision and repeatability decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses preoperative planning to determine the optimal resection parameters and implant placement positions before surgery. During surgery, the portable positioning device is configured according to these pre-planned parameters, combining the simplicity of manual positioning with the precision of computer-assisted planning and real-time guidance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device facilitates accurate and efficient resection of patient anatomy with reduced procedural time and cost, maintaining the precision of robotic-assisted procedures while minimizing system complexity and cost, thus enhancing surgical outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
A motor is coupled to the static housing and comprises a pinion gear configured to interface with the annular gear to rotate the resection tool about a first axis
Implementation Method 2
coupled to the static housing via a flexible gasket that allows relative motion between the static housing and resection tool
Implementation Method 3
at least two linear actuators disposed within the handle and coupled to the static housing via respective pinned linkages. The at least two linear actuators are independently drivable to translate the resection tool within a second axis and rotate the resection tool about a third axis
Data Source
AI summary
Surgical methods and devices that facilitate anatomical resection are disclosed. In some examples, a surgical resection device is disclosed that includes a static housing and a resection tool coupled to the housing via a flexible gasket that allows relative motion between the static housing and resection tool. A motor is also coupled to the static housing and is configured to rotate the resection tool about a first axis. The surgical resection device also includes two linear actuators disposed within a handle and coupled to the static housing via respective pinned linkages. The actuators are independently drivable to translate the resection tool within a second axis and rotate the resection tool about a third axis. A surgical computing device can track the surgical resection device, drive the motor and actuators to align the resection tool with a resection plane determined preoperatively, and control a position and speed of the resection tool.