Motor-Driven Surgical Tool Wire Control With Lead Screw Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surgical instruments used in laparoscopic and robotic surgeries face challenges in efficiently converting rotational motions into linear motions for precise surgical operations, leading to inefficiencies and potential complications.
Innovation Solution
A surgical instrument designed with a power generation part and power transmission system that includes motors and lead screws to convert rotational motions into linear movements of drive wires, allowing for precise control of end tools through a combination of first and second power transmission units.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If a motor is used to generate power for driving the end tool, then the automation and precision of surgical operations are improved, but the device complexity increases due to the need for power generation and transmission components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates the power generation part and power transmission part within the handle assembly, nesting these components efficiently to minimize overall device complexity while maintaining automation capabilities. The lead screw mechanism is integrated into the existing handle structure, allowing compact arrangement of moving parts.
Solution Approach 2:
The lead screw acts as an intermediary mechanism that converts rotational motion from the motor into linear motion of the drive wire. This intermediary component enables precise control of the end tool while isolating the complexity of motion conversion within a specific subsystem rather than distributing it throughout the entire device.
2Manufacturing precision
If lead screws are used to convert rotational motion into linear motion of drive wires, then the precision of end tool control is improved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical linkage systems with a lead screw mechanism, which simplifies the conversion from rotational to linear motion. The lead screw's self-locking property and mechanical advantage provide precise control without requiring additional braking or positioning mechanisms, thereby improving manufacturability while maintaining precision.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple power transmission units are used to control first and second wires, then the versatility of end tool operations is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The lead screw mechanism serves multiple functions: it converts rotational motion to linear motion, provides mechanical advantage for force multiplication, and enables bidirectional control of the drive wire. By designing the power transmission units to handle both first and second wires with the same basic mechanism, the patent achieves versatility without proportionally increasing complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and efficient manipulation of surgical tools by converting rotational motions into linear movements, enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of surgical procedures.
Implementation Method 1
a first lead screw configured to be rotated by the driving of the at least one motor and having a first thread, and a first linear movement guide connected to the first wire, threadedly engaged with the first lead screw, and configured to move linearly in response to the rotation of the first lead screw
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a surgical instrument including an end tool configured to perform a rotation in at least one direction, a drive wire having a first wire and a second wire that control the rotation of the end tool, a power generation part having at least one motor configured to generate a power to drive the end tool, and a power transmission part connected to the end tool and configured to transmit the power generated by the power generation part to the end tool, wherein the power transmission part includes a first power transmission unit configured to linearly move the first wire in a longitudinal direction of the first wire by driving of the at least one motor, and a second power transmission unit configured to linearly move the second wire in a longitudinal direction of the second wire by the driving of the at least one motor.