Surveying Instrument Height Measurement Using Averaged Laser Sampling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Manual measurement of instrument height using a measuring tape is cumbersome and inaccurate, and existing methods using laser distance-measuring devices are prone to errors due to irregularities and tilts at the distance-measuring point.
Innovation Solution
A surveying instrument with an instrument height measuring unit that emits distance-measuring light to a centered region below the vertical axis, calculates an average of multiple distance measurements, and corrects for irregularities and tilts using a defocusing lens and tilt sensor, allowing precise instrument height determination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual measurement with a measuring tape is used, then the measurement can be performed, but the measuring work is troublesome and low in accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical measurement with a laser-based optical measurement system. The laser distance-measuring device emits laser light to the reference point and calculates distance through optical time-of-flight or phase measurement, eliminating the need for manual tape measurement and its associated labor intensity and inaccuracies
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically performs the measurement process without requiring manual intervention for each measurement point. The laser device is mounted on the surveying instrument and automatically measures the distance to the reference point, with the instrument height calculated automatically by the control unit
2Productivity
If laser distance-measuring device is used, then measurement speed improves, but accuracy deteriorates due to irregularities and tilt at the distance-measuring point
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the measurement process into multiple segments: first measuring the distance to the reference point, then measuring the height of the surveying instrument, and finally calculating the instrument height by combining these measurements. This segmentation allows each measurement to be optimized independently, with the laser device focusing on accurate distance measurement while the instrument height is determined through a separate, dedicated measurement process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary measurement approach by measuring the distance from the surveying instrument to the reference point, and separately measuring the height of the surveying instrument above the reference point. These intermediary measurements are then combined to calculate the instrument height, avoiding direct measurement of the instrument height itself which would be affected by tilt and irregularities
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The instrument enables accurate and efficient measurement of instrument height by averaging multiple distance measurements and correcting for irregularities and tilts, improving measurement accuracy and reducing manual labor.
Implementation Method 1
a light transmitting unit configured to emit the distance-measuring light toward the distance-measuring object
Implementation Method 2
a defocusing lens disposed in a light path of the distance-measuring light and configured to diffuse incident light, the distance-measuring light that has passed through the defocusing lens is emitted toward a position below the vertical axis
Implementation Method 3
a light receiving unit configured to receive the distance-measuring light that has been emitted from the light transmitting unit and returned by being reflected by the distance-measuring object
Implementation Method 4
calculate a distance to the distance-measuring object by analyzing light being the distance-measuring light returned by being reflected by the distance-measuring object
Data Source
AI summary
In a surveying instrument including an instrument height measuring unit configured to make a distance measurement by emitting distance-measuring light to a distance-measuring object below a vertical axis of a surveying instrument main body, and an arithmetic unit configured to calculate a distance to the distance-measuring object by analyzing light being the distance-measuring light that has returned by being reflected by the distance-measuring object, and calculate an instrument height, the instrument height measuring unit is configured to make a distance measurement by irradiating the distance-measuring light toward a predetermined region of the distance-measuring object centered on a point below the vertical axis of the surveying instrument main body, and the arithmetic unit is configured to calculate the instrument height by operating an average value of distance-measurement values in the region. By calculating an average value of results of distance measurements of a predetermined region, the measurement accuracy can be improved.